Speech Ethics
The system of ethics in which ethical and unethical behavior never changes
What is ethical absolutism?
One of these requires effort, but the other one does not
What are listening and hearing?
The ideas and impressions associated with a word
What is the word's connotative meaning?
To strengthen existing positive commitments, weaken negative existing commitments, and promote audience action
What are the goals of a persuasive speech?
The three Aristotelian appeals
What are ethos, logos, and pathos?
The notion that people own knowledge they create or produce
What is intellectual property?
People who are particularly attuned to the emotional state of a speaker
Saying something multiple times to make sure the audience remembers it
What is repetition?
For example, Maria claims that the statue of liberty in New York is beautiful.
What is a value claim?
What a speaker is doing when they state their qualifications, use reputable sources, choose words carefully, demonstrate respect for differing opinions, establish common ground, and speak clearly and concisely
What is building credibility?
The distinction between what is allowed and what is ethical to say
What is legal vs. ethical speech?
People who want to know a subject in all of its depth and complexity
Who are content-oriented listeners?
Describing something, especially an object, in as specific detail as possible
What is using concrete words?
This is especially important when speaking to an audience with a hostile disposition?
What is acknowledging listener reservations?
A speaker uses this effectively when they present trustworthy facts to back their claims and clearly show how those facts have led them to those claims
What is logos?
Leaving out information that the audience ought to know to make informed decisions
What is lying by omission?
The kind of people who like to get information as quickly as possible
Who are time-oriented listeners?
An imagined scenario described by a speaker to support an argument
What is a hypothetical example?
The correct order of Monroe's Motivated Sequence
What is Attention, Need, Satisfaction, Visualization, and Action?
Suggesting that one phenomena is indicative of another
What is sign reasoning?
Showing courtesy, staying open-minded, and holding the speaker accountable
What are the ethical responsibilities of audience members?
Listening only for information that one can refute later
What is argumentative listening?
Speaking in an inoffensive manner that is sensitive to others' positionalities and lived experiences
What is using inclusive language?
What is Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs?
An example of committing the ad populum fallacy
What is an example that involves doing something because everyone else is doing it?