Meiosis & Sexual Reproduction
Genetics Vocabulary
Punnett Squares
Dihybrid Crosses and Fun with Math
Non-Mendelian Inheritance
100
This is what is made during meiosis.
What is sperm and egg (gametes)?
100
This term refers to the physical appearance of a trait.
What is phenotype?
100
Two parents who are both heterozygous (Aa) are crossed. These are the chances the child will be homozygous dominant.
What is 25% or 1/4?
100
This is the probability of two independent events both occurring (event 1 AND event 2).
What is the probability of event 1 times the probability of event 2?
100
This is the term for when heterozygous individuals have a blended or intermediate phenotype.
What is incomplete dominant?
200
A horse body cell has 64 chromosomes. This is the number of chromosomes in a horse sperm cell.
What is 32?
200
This is an example of a homozygous recessive genotype.
What is "aa?" (any two lowercase letters is correct)
200
In pea plants, tall stems (T) is dominant to short stems (t). A heterozygous plant is crossed with a short plant. This is the expected ratio of tall to short plants in the offspring.
What is 1:1?
200
Two individuals that are heterozygous for two genes (AaBb) are crossed. This is the probability the offspring will be homozygous dominant for BOTH traits.
What is 1/16?
200
These are the two possible genotypes that produce Type B blood.
What are IBIB and IBi? (Bs should be superscripts)
300
This is when homologous chromosomes get together and exchange pieces of DNA.
What is crossing over?
300
This is the number of dominant alleles that must be present in the genotype in order for the organism to have the dominant phenotype.
What is one?
300
In goldfish, bright coloring is dominant (C) and dark coloring is recessive (c). A bright goldfish is crossed with a dark goldfish. All of the offspring are bright. These are most likely the parents' genotypes.
What are CC and cc?
300
Two individuals that are heterozygous for two genes (AaBb) are crossed. This is the probability the offspring will have the genotype Aabb.
What is 1/8?
300
This term describes when a second gene determines whether or not a gene is expressed.
What is epistasis?
400
This is the idea that the which chromosome from each homologous pair ends up in the sperm or egg cell is random.
What is independent assortment?
400
This is the definition of an "allele."
What is a "version of a gene?"
400
In pea plants, yellow color is dominant (Y) and green seed color is recessive (y). A cross between a yellow pea plant and green pea plants makes 68 yellow offspring and 71 green offspring. These are most likely the parents' genotytpes.
What are Yy and yy?
400
In pea plants, terminal flowers (F) are dominant to axial flowers (f), and smooth pods (P) are dominant to wrinkled pods (p). A pea plant with axial flowers and wrinkled pods is crossed with a pea plant that is heterozygous for both traits. This is the probability the offspring will have axial flowers AND smooth pods.
What is 1/4 or 25%?
400
This is how you can tell a trait is x-linked when looking at a pedigree.
What is it is more common in males?
500
These are the two reasons why meiosis is important.
What is cutting the amount of DNA in half and creating genetic diversity?
500
This term refers to to genotypes that have one dominant and one recessive allele.
What is heterozygous?
500
In pea plants, purple flowers(P) are dominant and white flowers are recessive (p). A cross between two purple flowers produces 77 purple flowers and 23 white flowers. These are most likely the parents' genotypes.
What are Pp and Pp?
500
In pea plants, terminal flowers (F) are dominant to axial flowers (f), and smooth pods (P) are dominant to wrinkled pods (p). A pea plant with axial flowers and wrinkled pods is crossed with a pea plant that is heterozygous for both traits. This is the probability the offspring will have axial flowers AND smooth pods, or terminal flowers AND wrinkled pods.
What is 1/2 or 50%?
500
Skin color is an example of this type of inheritance.
What is polygenic inheritance?
M
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