Vocabulary
Structure of the Earth
Continental Drift Theory
Plate Tectonics
Miscellaneous
100
The thinnest layer of the Earth
What is the crust
100
There are ______________ main layers of the Earth.
What is four
100
Created the Continental Drift Theory
Who is Alfred Wegener
100
Earthquakes and Volcanoes are usually located in relation to these
What are plate boundaries
100
Hot air or liquid is less ________________ than cool air or liquid
What is dense
200
A number of rigid, but moving, pieces of Earth's surface
What is tectonic plates.
200
The thickest layer of the Earth
What is the mantle.
200
The continental drift theory has evidence of matching animal fossils from two separate continents _____________________ and _____________________
What is Africa and South America
200
The mid-ocean ridge is an example of a ____________________ boundary and ___________________ occurs here where new ocean floor is formed.
What is divergent boundary; sea-floor spreading
200
The San Andreas Fault in California is an example of a ____________________ boundary.
What is a transform boundary
300
The theory that all continents are fragments of Pangaea now drifting apart
What is the Continental Drift Theory
300
Plates float on top of the _______________________.
What is the asthenosphere
300
Wegener could not provide a satisfactory explanation for the push or pull of continents, therefore his hypotheses was rejected. What idea did Harry Hess propose in 1960 that explained the push and pull of continents.
What is sea floor spreading
300
Name four of the major plates
What is any of the following North American plate, South American plate, Eurasian Plate, Indoaustralia plate, African plate, Antarctica plate
300
_________________ are a result from the build up of stress at a plate boundary.
What is earthquakes
400
States that youngest rocks of ocean floor are at diverging boundaries, moving outward
What is seafloor spreading
400
The rigid part of the Earth including the crust and the upper mantle (makes up the plates of the Earth)
What is the lithosphere
400
Pangaea existed this many millions of years ago
What is around 250 million years ago
400
This is the mechanism (what causes) the plates to move
What is convection cycles in the mantle
400
Name and explain the three ways heat (energy) can be transferred:
What is radiation:energy that is transferred thru empty space What is conduction: energy that is transferred by direct contact of matter 3. What is convection - heat (energy) that is transferred by the movement of liquid/gas caused by a difference in temp & density
500
Although the hottest layer of the Earth, this layer is solid metal
What is the inner core
500
The Earth's crust is thinnest under the _____________________ and thickest under the _____________________.
What is thinnest under the ocean and thickest under the continents.
500
Three types of evidence that promote Hess's theory of sea floor spreading include:
1. Molten material looks like pillow shaped rocks when it erupts and hardens quickly. 2. Magnetic strips - rocks that lie in a pattern showing a record of the reversals of Earths magnetic field 3. Drilling samples reveal the farther from the oceanic ridge the older the rock.
500
The two types of convergent boundaries
What is subduction (where oceanic plate converges with the continental crust and volcanoes often occur) and collision (where continental crust converges with continental crust and mountains are usually formed)
500
This person used sonar to map the bottom of the ocean and discovered the mid-ocean ridge in the Atlantic Ocean in 1960.
Who is Harry Hess!
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