In the ATP binding cassette, this has a high affinity for substrate/solute
What is the periplasmic binding protein
100
The cell wall is a rigid layer/sheet composed of the two sugar derivatives ____ & _____ along with the tetrapeptide side chain composed of
What is N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) and N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM)
L-alanine, D-glutamic acid, either L-lysine (Gram-positive) or diaminopimelic acid (DAP; Gram-negative) and D-alanine
100
In LPS this is made up of sugars, including the unusual sugar KDO (2-keto-3-deoxy-octanoate)
This has fatty acids linked to a disaccharide glucosamine (GlcN) phosphate through the amine groups; forms the inner most component
What is core polysaccharide, lipid portion (Lipid A)
100
This is organized in a tight matrix, adheres to the cell wall firmly & helps exclude small particles
What is a capsule
100
This type of flagellation has flagella all around the cell
What is peritrichous flagellation
200
True or false, gram negative is the only gram type that uses the ATP- binding cassette
What is false, gram-positive lack a true periplasm but specific substrate binding proteins are anchored to the external surface of the cell membrane and interact with the carrier
200
This is a heteropolymer that can be made by enzymes
consisting of sugars + amino acids, the chains are connected through cross-linking of the amino acids
the ___ portion is the same on both Gram-positive and -negative (half of the term)
What is glycan tetrapeptide
200
LPS is an example of ____ which can can produce fever, a decrease in blood pressure, activation of inflammation and coagulation of blood
Presence of the LPS in the blood can lead to ______
What is an endotoxin, septicemia
200
These allow cell to stick to surfaces, can help form pellicles or biofilms and is found in Salmonella, N. gonorrhoeae, and B. pertussis
What is fimbriae
200
This provides the energy in bacterial flagella
What is proton motive force
300
Transported proteins are synthesized as pre-secretory proteins called ____ have a signal peptide at the _____ terminus which is recognized by ______
What is preproteins, amino, Sec
300
This is the portion of the DAP in gm- & lysine in gm+ that allow for another peptide bond.
The difference in DAP/lysine results from
What is H2N on the 6th carbon,
The carboxyl terminus on DAP whereas lysine has an H
300
If a lysozyme destroys the peptidoglycan, the cell wall will break down and release a protoplast, what happens to the protoplast if it is placed in the hypotonic environment that bacteria is normally found in?
What is immediate lysing of the protoplast
300
These are not present in archaea, decompose hydrogen peroxide, contain intracellular particles of iron mineral magnetite
What is a magnetosome
300
An example of this type of fungi is Penicillium notatum, the producer of penicillin. This type of fungi is incomplete, and contain pores that allow for mixing of adjacent cytoplasm.
What is septate fungi
400
These are the three components of the ATP binding cassette, and also true or false the ATP binding cassette requires an input of energy
What is the periplasmic binding protein, the membrane-spanning protein and the ATP hydrolyzing protein. True
400
These are the bonds found in the X direction, these are the bonds found in the Y direction. Which one of these bonds gives the peptidoglycan elasticity
What is glycosidic, peptide, peptide
400
This is found in archaea. The backbone is composed of alternating repeats of N-acetylglucosamine (G) and N-acetyltalosaminuronic acid (T) and contains glycosidic bonds B(1,3) instead of B(1,4), and the amino acids present are all of the L-isoform
What is pseudomurein
400
Give the type of molecule that makes up these portions of an endospore
Exosporium
Spore coat
Outer membrane
Cortex
Core wall
Core
What is
(glycoprotein)
(protein)
(phospholipid)
(peptidoglycan)
(peptidoglycan)
(spore protoplast)
400
This type of mutualistic relationship receives carbon from plants, & returns water and minerals. It is commonly found in deserts, marshes, and pine forests
What is Mycorrhizal: between fungi and plants
500
In macromolecule transport, give the definitions of each of the following
SecY, E, G:
SecA:
SecB:
SecD & F:
What is transmembrane transporter, ATP hydrolyzing enzyme (energy), prevents folding of the protein,also involved in translocation
500
Many Gram-positive Bacteria have (acidic/basic) (polysaccharides/polycarbohydrates) called ____ embedded in their cell wall that give an overal ___ charge
What is acidic, polysaccharides, teichoic acids, negative
500
Usually found in Archaea, but may also be present in bacteria. This is a selective sieve which doesn't allow large molecules to enter and provides some protection from osmotic lysis.
What is the paracrystalline surface layer
500
This is Lipid formed by hydroxybuterate units linked together through ester bonds, is used for energy storage, & is surrounded by a single protein layer
What is poly-B-hydroxybutyric acid (PHB)
500
This type of fungal diseases is one of the most dangerous fungal diseases. It affects lungs and meninges, & accounts for ~25% of all fungal deaths. It contain a capsule, & is antiphagocytic