Matter
Energy
Magnets and Electricity
Light and Waves
Heat and Sound
100
What is matter? What is mass?
Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. Mass is the amount of matter in an object.
100
What is potential energy?
Potential energy is the energy of position. An object sitting still has potential energy.
100
Every magnet has a North and South pole. Which poles attract and which poles repel?
North and South (opposite poles) attract and North to North and South to South (like poles) repel.
100
The top of a wave is called the crest. What is the bottom called?
The bottom of a wave is called the trough.
100
The amount of energy in a sound is measured by pitch, vibration, or loudness?
Loudness
200
What is a solution? Define and give an example.
A solution is a mixture in which two or more substances are mixed completely. Examples: salt and water, cocoa powder and milk, water and fruit drink powder.
200
What is kinetic energy? Give two examples.
Kinetic energy is the energy of motion. A moving object has kinetic energy. Examples: a ball rolling, bouncing, or being thrown, a child running, walking, or sliding, etc.
200
What must an object contain in order to be picked up by a magnet?
A magnetic metal, such as iron. Paper clips, screws, and cars are all things that are magnetic.
200
Does light travel in circles, straight lines, or a zigzag pattern?
Light travels in straight lines.
200
What is an insulator?
Something that traps or blocks heat or electricity, and does not allow it to move easily.
300
What is density? What do mass, matter, and density have in common? They are all _________ properties of matter.
Density is the amount of matter in a object compared to the space it takes up. They are all physical properties of matter.
300
What are renewable resources?
Renewable resources are resources that can be replaced by nature as time passes.
300
What is static electricity, and how is lightning an example of it?
Static electricity is an electrical charge that builds up in an object. Lightning occurs when electricity builds up in clouds and then moves to the ground in a flash of light.
300
What is the difference between reflection and refraction? Which do you see when you look in a mirror?
Reflection is the bouncing of light and refraction is the bending of light. You see a reflection in the mirror because light is being bounced back to your eyes.
300
What is a conductor?
Something that allows heat or electricity to move easily.
400
How can we tell that air is matter?
Air takes up space. It fills balloons, our lungs, and the atmosphere. Even though we cannot see air, we know it's there because we see it move other things and feel it on our skin. Matter is anything that takes up space, so air is matter.
400
What are nonrenewable resources? Provide the definition and 2 examples.
Nonrenewable resources cannot be replaced in a human lifetime. Examples: fossil fuels such as oil, gas, coal, and petroleum
400
What kind of energy turns on the lightbulb in a closed circuit? [Lightbulb--wire--battery--wire--switch--wire--]
Current energy. The closed circuit provides a path for the electrical current to flow through.
400
When we see color, what are we actually seeing? (Hint: think about light being absorbed.)
We are seeing the color that has not been absorbed by the object. For example, a green shirt appears green because all other light except green is being absorbed by the shirt. A banana looks yellow because it is absorbing every color but yellow.
400
Give 2 examples of conductors and 2 examples of insulators.
Conductors: metal, copper, electrical wire Insulators: rubber, plastic, wood
500
What is the difference between physical and chemical changes?
Physical changes like ripping, tearing, or crumpling do not change the chemical makeup of the object, only its appearance. Chemical changes like burning, rusting, or rotting change the makeup of the object as well as its physical appearance.
500
Explain the difference between renewable and nonrenewable resources, and give examples of both.
Renewable resources, like solar energy, wind, and water, can be replaced or replenished by nature in a lifetime. Nonrenewable resources, such as coal, oil, and petroleum, take millions of years to form and cannot be replaced in a lifetime.
500
What is an electromagnet? How can you turn a regular piece of metal into an electromagnet?
An electromagnet is a temporary magnet caused by electrical current. The current is what changes the metal into a magnet.
500
Describe how a rainbow is formed.
A rainbow is formed when sunlight refracts against water droplets in the air. The water drops act like prisms and separate the white sunlight into many colors.
500
How can heat affect the states of matter? (Think about a solid ice cube...)
Heat can change an ice cube to a liquid, and then if enough heat continues to be added, it can change the liquid to a gas.
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