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States of Matter
Mass
Volume
Density
Changes of Matter
100
What are the three states of matter? Describe each of them briefly.
Solid - definite shape, takes up definite space Liquid - no definite shape, takes up definite space Gas - no definite shape, expands to fill space
100
What is the base unit of measurement for mass? (How do we measure mass?)
Grams
100
What is volume?
Amount of space that matter takes up
100
What is density?
The amount of mass in a given volume of matter
100
Give an example of a physical change.
Ex. breaking a pencil, tearing a sheet of paper
200
Which substance can you find naturally in all three states?
Water
200
What is the difference between mass and weight?
Mass - amount of matter in an object Weight - force of gravity
200
What tool do you use to measure the volume of a liquid?
Graduated cylinder
200
Why do things float in water?
It has less density than water.
200
A change in state of matter (or phase of matter) is caused by adding or removing ???
Heat energy
300
Matter is anything that has mass and ???
takes up space (volume)
300
You have a piece of turkey, bread, lettuce, and tomato. The mass of these pieces separately is 25 grams. What is the mass of the whole sandwich put together? Why?
25 grams; mass of an object does not change unless matter is added to or removed from it
300
How do you measure the volume of a solid box?
Multiply length x width x height
300
If you had a cup with four different liquids, what can you conclude about the substance on the bottom of the cup?
It has the greatest density.
300
Give an example of a chemical change.
Ex. rust; burning wood
400
What causes a change in the state of matter of water?
Change in the amount of heat can cause water to freeze (and turn to solid ice) or boil (and turn to water vapor)
400
How do you change the mass of soda in a bottle?
Drink some of the soda
400
What is 1 milliliter equal to?
1 cubic centimeter
400
If ice and water are the same substance just in different states of matter, then why does an ice cube float in water?
Because the density of ice is less than the density of water
400
What is the difference between evaporation and condensation?
Evaporation - change from liquid to gas Condensation - change from gas to liquid
500
Draw a picture of the particles of each state of matter.
Solid - particles tightly packed together Liquid - particles close to each other but not tightly held together Gas - particles spread far apart
500
Why is your mass the same on Earth as it is on the moon?
Because mass is the amount of matter an object has and the amount of matter does not change from place to place.
500
Describe the process of measuring the volume of an object that is not a box.
Measure the volume of water using a graduated cylinder. Add the object into the graduated cylinder. Measure the volume of the water after the object has been added. Subtract to find the volume of the object (how much the water level has risen).
500
An unpeeled orange floats in water, but a peeled orange sinks. Why?
Unpeeled orange is less dense than water so it floats. A peeled orange absorbs the water and is more dense than water so it sinks.
500
Are phase changes examples of physical or chemical changes?
Physical changes