Electrolytes
Main ion in extracellular fluid
Sodium (Na⁺)
Normal blood pH range
7.35–7.45
Hormone that increases water reabsorption
ADH
Where sperm mature
Epididymis
Structure that exchanges nutrients and gases
Placenta
Largest fluid compartment in the body
Intracellular fluid
Condition when pH is below 7.35
Acidosis
Hormone that increases sodium retention
Aldosterone
Procedure that blocks sperm transport
Vasectomy
Hollow ball of cells after fertilization
Blastocyst
Type of solution that causes cells to shrink
Hypertonic solution
Breathing rapidly causes this pH imbalance
Respiratory alkalosis
System activated by low blood pressure
RAAS
Hormone that maintains uterine lining
Progesterone
Structure that bypasses lungs (RA → LA)
Foramen ovale
caused by plasma proteins
Oncotic pressure
Weak base in bicarbonate buffer system
HCO₃⁻
Hormone surge that triggers ovulation
LH
Structure where fertilization occurs
Fallopian tube
Structure that bypasses liver
Ductus venosus
Main force moving water between ICF and ECF
Osmosis
System that acts slowest to regulate pH
Renal system
Hormone responsible for uterine contractions
Oxytocin
Failure of chromosomes to separate
Non-disjunction
Type of twins from one fertilized egg
Monozygotic twins