part 1
medical branch of science that deals with the study of skin and its nature, structure, functions, diseases, and treatment
dermatology
closed, abnormally developed sac containing fluid, infection, or other matter above or below the skin
cyst
small blister or sac containing clear fluid. Poison ivy and poison oak produce vesicles
vesicle
epidermal cysts; small, firm papules with no visible opening; whitish, pearl-like masses of sebum and dead cells under the skin. Milia are more common in dry skin types and may form after skin trauma, such as a laser resurfacing
milia
pigmentation disease characterized by white patches on the skin from lack of pigment cells; made worse by sunlight
vitiligo
physician who specializes in diseases and disorders of the skin, hair, and nails
dermatologist
abnormal rounded, solid lump; larger than a papule
tubercle
often referred to as tumors, but nodules are smaller bumps caused by conditions such as scar tissue, fatty deposits, or infections
nodule
Often shortened and pronounced “peecos,” is a hormonal condition that impacts women in child bearing years believed to have a genetic component. PCOS symptoms include acne, thinning hair in a male hair growth pattern of baldness as in sparse hair density at the front and top of the scalp. It also causes abnormal hair growth on the face, arms, thighs, neck, and breasts
polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)
also known as sun spots; a noncontagious fungal infection which is characterized by white or varicolored patches on the skin and is often found on arms and legs
tinea versicolor
mark, wound, or abnormality; structural changes in tissues caused by damage or injury
lesions
flat spot or discoloration on the skin, such as a freckle. Macules are neither raised nor sunken
macule
skin damage, developed in the later stages of disease, that changes the structure of tissues or organs
secondary skin lesions
over-production of pigment
hyperpigmentation
the development of hypersensitivity due to repeated exposure to an allergen that can take months or years to develop due to the allergen and intensity of exposure
sensitization
primary lesions are characterized by flat, nonpalpable changes in skin color such as macules or patches, or an elevation formed by fluid in a cavity, such as vesicles, bullae, or pustules
primary lesions
pimple; small elevation on the skin that contains no fluid but may develop pus
papule
chronic inflammatory skin disorder of the sebaceous glands that is characterized by comedones and blemishes; commonly known as acne simplex or acne vulgaris
acne
also known as birthmark; malformation of the skin due to abnormal pigmentation or dilated capillaries
nevus
thickening of the skin caused by a mass of keratinized cells (keratinocytes)
hyperkeratosis
large blister containing watery fluid; similar to a vesicle, but larger
bulla
large nodule; an abnormal cell mass resulting from excessive cell multiplication and varying in size, shape, and color
tumor
the hair unit that contains the hair follicle and appendages: the hair root, bulb, dermal papilla, sebaceous appendage, and arrector pili muscle
pilosebaceous unit
darkened pigmentation due to an injury to the skin or the residual healing after an acne lesion has resolved; often deep red, purple, or brown in appearance
postinflammatory hyperpigmentation
Virus that causes fever blisters or cold sores; it is a recurring, contagious viral infection consisting of a vesicle or group of vesicles on a red, swollen base. The blisters usually appear on the lips or nostrils
herpes simplex virus 1