Category 1
This Dutch scientist used his microscope in 1676 to let us see bacteria for the first time.
Who is Antonie van Leeuwenhoek?
In 1847, this doctor proved that simple hand-washing saves thousands of patients from death.
Who is Ignaz Semmelweis?
In 1796, this scientist created the world's first true vaccine using cowpox.
Who is Edward Jenner?
In 1828, this doctor performed the first successful human-to-human blood transfusion.
Who is James Blundell?
In 1849, this woman became the first female MD, proving medicine is for everyone.
Who is Elizabeth Blackwell?
This scientist's X-ray images in 1952 revealed the double helix structure of DNA.
Who is Rosalind Franklin?
This scientist proved Germ Theory in 1861—that invisible microbes cause disease.
Who is Louis Pasteur?
This woman brought the idea of variolation from Turkey to England in 1717 to help stop smallpox.
Who is Lady Mary Wortley Montagu?
This scientist was the first to use ether as anesthesia in 1842 so patients felt no pain during surgery.
Who is Crawford Long?
This nurse proved in 1854 that sanitation, fresh air, and statistics are keys to a safe hospital.
Who is Florence Nightingale?
In 1895, this scientist discovered X-rays, allowing doctors to see broken bones without cutting skin.
Who is Wilhelm Röntgen?
In 1928, this scientist discovered penicillin, the first antibiotic that could kill infections inside the body.
Who is Alexander Fleming?
In 1955, this scientist created the polio vaccine and gave it to the world for free.
Who is Jonas Salk?
In 1901, this scientist discovered blood groups (A, B, and O), making transfusions safe for everyone.
Who is Karl Landsteiner?
In 1881, this woman founded the American Red Cross to bring emergency medicine to war zones and disasters.
Who is Clara Barton?
This inventor created the stethoscope in 1816, letting doctors hear inside the body for the first time.
Who is Rene Laennec?
This scientist created antiseptics in 1865 to kill germs on surgical tools and wounds.
Who is Joseph Lister?
In 900 AD, this scientist moved away from magic and proved smallpox and measles are two different diseases.
Who is Rhazes?
In 1543, this scientist mapped the human body by performing the first accurate human dissections.
Who is Andreas Vesalius?
This woman founded the Frontier Nursing Service in 1925, bringing maternal care to rural areas on horseback.
Who is Mary Breckinridge?
In 2003, this scientist led the team that mapped all 3 billion letters of the human genome.
Who is Francis Collins?
This scientist discovered the specific bacteria causing Anthrax, Cholera, and TB in 1876.
Who is Robert Koch?
This scientist developed targeted drugs to treat leukemia and created the first successful antiviral medicines in 1988.
Who is Gertrude Elion?
This scientist created the blood bank in 1940, finding ways to process, store, and ship plasma to save lives.
Who is Charles Drew?
In 1953, this doctor created the Apgar Score, the first standardized way to check a newborn baby's health.
Who is Virginia Apgar?