Science Inquiry
This type of variable is any variable other than the IV that may affect the DV.
What is an extraneous variable?
These guidelines ensure humane treatment of animals, including Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement.
What are the 3Rs?
This system includes the brain and spinal cord.
What is the central nervous system (CNS)?
This part of the brain controls basic life functions like breathing and heart rate.
What is the hindbrain?
These are the basic building blocks of the nervous system.
What are neurons?
This refers to the brain’s ability to change and adapt.
What is neural plasticity?
This sampling method gives every member of the population an equal chance of selection.
What is random sampling?
This structure connects the two hemispheres of the brain.
What is the corpus callosum?
This specific kind of extraneous variable systematically affects results, threatening validity.
What is a confounding variable?
This ethical principle refers to keeping participants’ personal information secure.
What is confidentiality?
This division carries information to and from the CNS.
What is the peripheral nervous system (PNS)?
This structure in the midbrain is involved in arousal levels and alertness and is the brain's sensory switchboard.
What is the reticular formation?
This part of the neuron receives incoming signals.
What are dendrites?
This process involves organising information into mental frameworks.
What is schema formation?
This type of data is numerical and can be measured statistically.
What is quantitative data?
This structure regulates balance and coordination.
What is the cerebellum?
This part of a study explains the general purpose or what the researcher intends to investigate.
What is the aim?
This ethical concept refers to a participant’s right to control access to their personal life.
What is privacy?
This part of the nervous system controls voluntary muscle movement.
What is the somatic nervous system?
This part of the brain includes higher-level thinking and reasoning.
What is the forebrain?
This process involves electrical impulses travelling along the axon.
What is neural transmission?
Schemas help individuals do this with new information.
What is interpret or organise information?
This graph is best used to display continuous data such as test scores.
What is a histogram?
This structure plays a key role in memory formation.
What is the hippocampus?
This is a testable prediction that states the expected relationship between variables.
What is a hypothesis?
The “Replacement” principle means this in animal research.
What is using alternatives instead of animals where possible?
This division regulates involuntary processes like heart rate and digestion.
What is the autonomic nervous system?
This lobe is responsible for decision-making and personality.
What is the frontal lobe?
These chemicals transmit signals across the synapse.
What are neurotransmitters?
Neural plasticity is especially strong during this stage of development.
What is childhood?
This measure represents the middle value in an ordered data set.
What is the median?
This structure is important for emotional responses such as fear.
What is the amygdala?
One improvement to research includes increasing sample size or controlling extraneous variables.
What is improving reliability or validity?
This ethical issue arises when researchers accidentally reveal participant identities.
What is a breach of confidentiality?
This system is divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic branches.
What is the autonomic nervous system?
This lobe processes visual information.
What is the occipital lobe?
This gap between neurons allows communication via neurotransmitters.
What is the synapse?
This theory explains how children develop schemas through stages such as sensorimotor and formal operational.
What is Piaget’s theory of cognitive development?
This type of bias occurs when the experimenter unintentionally influences the outcome of the study.
What is the experimenter effect?
Damage to this area can impair speech production.
What is Broca’s area?