Colonial Government & Political Rights
This type of colony was granted by the King to individual owners who controlled the government, such as Pennsylvania and Maryland.
Proprietary Colony
Due to its fertile soil, moderate climate, and massive production of wheat and grain, the Middle Colonies earned this nickname.
The "Bread Basket"
These religious groups were the primary settlers of New England, seeking to form tight-knit communities centered around their faith.
Puritans & Pilgrims (Separatists)
The Lenape and the Iroquois Confederacy primarily inhabited this colonial region.
The Middle Colonies
Colonial merchants favored this economic system where private owners control trade, directly contrasting Parliament's mercantilist policies.
Capitalism
The Mayflower Compact shaped governance in New England by establishing leadership by majority consent and giving rise to this direct democracy forum.
The Town Meeting
Cold climate, hilly terrain, and rocky, poor soil forced New England to rely on subsistence farming, shipbuilding, and this major marine industry.
Fishing/Whaling
These immigrants bound themselves to 5–7 years of labor in exchange for passage to North America and made up a massive portion of the early Southern population.
Indentured Servants
This 1675–1676 New England war was fought between English colonists and a Native alliance led by Metacom over land encroachment.
King Phillip's War
Name one major economic challenge faced by the Southern Colonies due to their agricultural focus.
1. over-reliance on slavery
2. high disease/mortality rates
3. reliance on single-crop market fluctuations
This Virginia assembly established representative government in the Southern region because vast plantation distances made direct democracy impractical.
The Virginia House of Burgesses
This economic theory held that colonies existed primarily to increase the wealth of the mother country by exporting more goods than they imported.
Mercantilism
The Southern region relied most heavily on enslaved African labor primarily because of the demands of this type of economy.
Plantation Cash-Crop Agriculture (rice, tobacco)
This 1637 conflict in New England resulted in the near destruction of a major Native nation by Connecticut colonists and their Narragansett allies.
The Pequot War
In contrast to New England's direct democracy, the Middle colonies featured this moderate degree of government structure.
proprietary/royal governors working with elected local assemblies
Under the legal practice of coverture, this was the political and legal status of __________regarding property ownership and voting.
Married Women
These acts were passed by the British Parliament to restrict colonial trade and ensure England maintained a monopoly over colonial foreign markets.
Which region had the greatest cultural and religious diversity?
The Middle Colonies - including Dutch, German, Quaker, Jewish, and Mennonite populations.
Settlers in all three regions initially relied on Indigenous populations for trade and for knowledge regarding this key survival skill.
local agriculture (farming/crop survival techniques)
Which group favored economic capitalism over mercantilism because they wanted private ownership of trade and industry rather than state control?
Colonial Merchants / Colonists
Unmarried colonial women had this specific economic right that married women lost under coverture, though they still lacked political voice.
The right to own property
This regional group supported mercantilist economic policies to keep trade focused on boosting the mother country.
British Parliament or English merchants
Strict religious conformity and social dissent in New England famously culminated in these trials in the late 17th century.
Salem Witch Trials
Colonial expansion westward across all regions consistently caused these two major negative impacts on Native populations.
1. Land Displacement
2. Disease Transmission
3. Violent Conflict
Identify 13 colonies in their Colonial Regions.
New England: Massachusetts, Rhode Island, New Hampshire, Connecticut
Middle: New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware
South: Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia