Periodic Table
Identify the s,p,d,f blocks
s is the first two columns, p is the last six columns, d is all of the transition metals, f is the two rows represented below the periodic table
What compound is NaCl and what is it's name?
ionic compound, sodium chloride
What two laws must chemical equations abide by
Conservation of mass, Conservation of energy
What are the three states of matter (not including plasma/critical fluids)
Solid, Liquid, Gas
Identify what a solution is and it's components
A solution is one substance is dissolved into another substance. a solution has two components, solute (the minority substance) and solvent (the majority substance).
What element is P
phosphorus not potassium (K)
what is the chemical formula for magnesium oxide, what kind of compound is it?
MgO, ionic compound
Balance the equation: H₂ + O₂ → H₂O
2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O
What is the definition of matter? What is the smallest form of matter?
anything that has mass and occupies space. atom
In saltwater identify the solute and solvent
Solvent: water (H2O)
Identify the metals, nonmetals. also identify the alkali and alkaline metals, transition metals, halogens, Nobel gases.
first column is the alkali metals, second is alkaline metals, d block is transition metals, second to last column are the halogens, last column are the noble gases.
What is the name of FeCl3, what kind of compound is it?
iron (III) chloride, ionic compound (variable charge changes naming rules)
What are always the products of a combustion reaction?
water (H2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2)
What is the difference between an element and a compound
An element is made of one type of atom; a compound is made of two or more different elements chemically bonded.
What is the difference between a homogeneous mixture and a heterogeneous mixture? give examples for both
A homogeneous mixture has a uniform composition throughout, while a heterogeneous mixture has visibly different parts or phases where the components are not evenly distributed. examples:
Homogenous: seawater
Heterogenous: chocolate chip cookie
F (4.0), O (3.5), N (3.1)
Name N2O4 and identify the type of compound.
dinitrogen tetroxide, molecular compound
Predict the products and balance: Al + O₂ → ?
4Al + 3O₂ → 2Al₂O₃
What is the difference between a physical change and a chemical change?
A physical change alters form or state without changing identity; a chemical change forms new substances.
Predict the products and state the type of reaction, find the precipitate, explain why the precipitate forms and why the other product is not bonded:
Na₂SO₄(aq) + BaCl₂(aq) → ?
BaSO₄(s) + 2NaCl(aq); this is a double replacement (precipitation) reaction because BaSO₄ forms an insoluble solid (ppt). the other product is not bonded in a compound because it is still an ion in solution
What element is Sb
antimony
What is the name of HF(g)? what naming rules can this easily be confused with?
Hydrogen fluoride, It is common for people to mistake HF(g) for HF(aq) (which is an acid), that changes the naming to acid rules which results in hydrofluoric acid.
For the reaction: AgNO₃ + NaCl → AgCl + NaNO₃, what type of reaction is this and what will precipitate and why?
This is a double replacement reaction. AgCl is an insoluble solid that forms and falls out of solution producing a precipitate.
Classify each as an element, compound, or mixture: Atmosphere, H₂O, and O₂
Atmosphere = mixture, H₂O = compound, O₂ = element
Will the following reaction occur based on the electromotive (activity) series? Explain why or why not:
Zn(s) + CuSO₄(aq) → ZnSO₄(aq) + Cu(s)
Yes, the reaction will occur because it is a redox (oxidation-reduction) reaction. Zinc is oxidized: Zn(s) → Zn²⁺ + 2e⁻ (loss of electrons), and copper(II) is reduced: Cu²⁺ + 2e⁻ → Cu(s) (gain of electrons). Since Zn has a higher tendency to lose electrons than Cu, the reaction is spontaneous according to the electromotive series.