Muscular
Three main types of muscular tissue
Smooth, skeletal, and cardiac muscle
What are the different classifications of bones?
Long, short, flat, irregular
Which type of hormones play a role in Direct gene activation and the Second-messenger system
Steroid Hormone (direct gene activation)
non-steroidal (second-messenger system)
What is the organ used to sense light?
Eye
Name the two main subsections of the Nervous system; what do they consist of.
Central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and Peripheral nervous system (spinal nerves, cranial nerves)
Attaches muscle to bone
Tendons
What are the two subdivisions of the skeleton and what do each consist of?
Axial skeleton: skull, thorax, and vertebral column
Appendicular skeleton: girdles, arms, and legs
Name the two functional lobes of the pituitary gland and their general function.
Anterior Pituitary --> glandular tissue
Posterior Pituitary --> nervous tissue
Which special sense hair is linked to memories?
Olfactory hairs
A type of support cell (neuroglia) that is abundant and star shaped, it braces neurons and forms barriers between capillaries and neurons. They also control the chemical environment of the brain.
astrocytes
fibrous connective tissue that surrounds groups of muscle fibers called fascicles
Perimysium
What is the disease being described?:
Inflammation of joints is caused by a deposition of uric acid crystals from the blood.
Gouty arthritis
Name three growth hormone disorders.
pituitary dwarfism
Gigantism
Acromegaly
What are the five primary tastes?
Sour, sweet, bitter, salty, umami
Name five parts of a neuron
Dendrite, Axon, Cell body, Mitochondrion, Nucleus, myelin sheaths, axon terminals, shwann cells, node of ranvier, Nissl Substance.
microscopic fibers, dense irregular connective tissue inside a muscle cell
Myofibrils
What are the different types of bone cells and their functions?
Osteocytes - mature bone cells
Osteoblasts - bone-forming cells
Osteoclasts - giant bone-destroying cells
Caused by Hyperthyroidism, results in increased metabolism, heat intolerance, rapid heartbeat, weight loss, and exophthalmos.
Grave's Disease
What are the three small bones of the middle ear?
Hammer (Malleus), Anvil (Incus), Stirrup (Stapes)
During re-polarization, potassium ions ________ and sodium ions _________.
(which way do they move across the membrane)
Potassium ions rush out of the neuron, and sodium ions rush into the neuron.
stores calcium (Ca+) until stimulated by a nerve fiber. When calcium is released it travels down the T-tubules and removes the inhibitory effect of troponin and tropomyosin thus allowing actin and myosin to interact and cause contraction of the sacromere
function of Sarcoplasmic reticulum
What do the bones of the pelvic girdle protect? (Name 2)
Reproductive organs, urinary bladder, part of the large intestine
Two functions of the parathyroid hormone
Raise calcium levels of blood
Stimulate the kidneys and intestine to absorb more calcium
stimulate osteoclasts to remove calcium from bone
What is the name of the muscle attached to the eye and skull and allows movement?
Extraocular muscles
Which part of the neuron is damaged if you have multiple sclerosis.
Myelin Sheaths