Types of Fracture
What is the most common fracture found in children and describe it?
Greenstick
Only one side of the bone is fractured
every hour
How many times is pin care provided?
once every shift
What are the three complications of casting?
Osteomyeltitis
Fat Embolism
Compartment Syndrome
Purposes of traction (2)
Realign bone
Decrease muscle spasms
What is the fracture most common in physical abuse and what is it?
Spiral fracture
Twisting of the fracture
What are the six P's?
Pallor
Pulselessness
Paraesthesia
Pain
Paralysis
Polikothermia
What are the signs of pin care infection?
Tenting of skin around pin
Drainage and redness
Loosening of pins
What is the way to check for Compartment syndrome
6 Ps
How much do the weights weigh for skeletal traction?
15-30 lbs
What fracture can crepitus be heard and what is it?
Comminuted
Bone broken up into pieces
What is the earliest sign of Compartment syndrome?
Paraesthesia
What should you do if the pins become loose?
Notify the provider so he can change the pin
What is the surgical intervention done for compartment syndrome and what is it?
Fasciotimy
Cut the fascia of the affected compartment
What could the patient use to move their body and how often should they move?
What is a grade 1 open fracture?
minimal skin damage
What are the three late signs of Compartment syndrome?
Pulselessness
Paralysis
Polikothermia
What is a teaching when providing pin care in regards to cleaning them?
Use one cotton ball for each pin and if you use the same one then you need to notify provider
Dyspnea
Headache
Decreased mental acuity
Late manifestation (Cutaneous petechia)
What should the nurse make sure is not interfering with skeletal traction?
Ropes should not be obstructed
Device should not be touching foot of the bed
What is a grade 2 open fracture?
Damage include skin and muscle contusions but without extensive soft tissue damage
How many hours does neurovascular damage take to occur? And what happens after these 6 hours are up?
4-6 hours and leg may need to be amputated
For which 3 immobilizations do you need to provide pin care?
External Rotation
ORIF
Traction
If the patient has osteomyelitis what will they probably be perscribed?
They will have a PICC line and be prescribed IV antibiotics over 3 months
What should the nurse do if they see the weights are on the floor and the patient is not upright in bed?
Give the patient the trapeze until the weights are freely hanging