Atoms
The positively charged particles in an atom's nucleus that defines its atomic number.
What is a proton?
A molecule that is primarily carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
What is an organic molecule?
A chemical reaction where something larger and more complex is built out of smaller pieces.
What is a synthesis reaction?
Where the DNA is located in a cell.
What is the nucleus?
What is an anabolistic reaction?
The negatively charged particles that orbit around the nucleus of the atom.
What are electrons?
A type of molecular bond where two atoms share electrons equally. This bond is very difficult to break without the use of a lot of energy.
What is a covalent bond?
A chemical reaction where something larger is broken down into smaller parts.
What is a decomposition reaction?
Where proteins are made in the cell.
What are ribosomes?
A decomposition reaction, from the point of view of your cells.
What is a catabolistic reaction?
The particles in an atom's nucleus that have no electric charge, can vary in number, and are responsible both for isotopes and radiation (in large elements).
What are neutrons?
A type of molecular bond where one atom gives up an electron completely to the other and they are held together by magnetic force.
What is an ionic bond?
A chemical reaction where different reactants "swap" components to create the products.
A large envelope structure that defines the outside of a cell that is mostly made of a phospholipid bilayer.
What is the cell membrane?
A very complexly shaped protein that can be reused over and over again and is vital to making sure all the chemical reactions happen in your cells as efficiently as possible.
What is an enzyme?
The electrons in the outermost ring orbiting an atom's nucleus that determine how the atom reacts with other atoms.
What are valence electrons?
A type of molecular bond where atoms share electrons UNequally, resulting in one part of the molecule having a positive charge and the other part having a negative charge.
What is a polar bond?
A system for determining the properties of a chemical by cataloging how many H+ ions exist within it. The lower the number, the higher the H+ ion concentration.
What is the pH system?
Where energy is produced in the cell (the "powerhouse of the cell", if you like).
What are mitochondria?
What vitamins (literally "vital minerals") actually are.
What are coenzymes?
The rule that defines that, for organic molecules, the valence electron shells are either trying to reduce themselves to 0 or fill themselves up to 8 electrons.
What is the octet rule?
The reason why ice floats on water, why water molecules stick to both themselves and other surfaces, why oil and water don't mix, why protein structure is so effected by heat, and why DNA is so easy to "unzip".
What are hydrogen bonds?
The product when an acid and a base react together.
What is a salt?
The little star-shaped protein tubules that grow spindle fibers to help guide the duplicated DNA to opposite ends of the cell during mitosis.
What are centrioles?
The cellular respiration pathway that requires oxygen and creates 36 molecules of ATP per one molecule of glucose.
What is aerobic respiration?