Define Me
The total fertility rate at which a population replaces itself from one generation to the next.
What is Replacement Fertility Rate?
Calculate the rate of natural increase
What is birth rates minus death rates
Three features of expansive population pyramid
What are high birth rates, high death rates, low life expectancy, youthful population, slow population growth?
Explains why a population will continue to grow even if fertility rates decline
What is positive population momentum?
Difference between an immigrant and an emigrant
What is a person who comes to live permanently in a foreign country (immigrant) and a person who leaves their own country in order to settle permanently in another (emigrant)?
The two terms used in demography to describe females aged between 15-49
What are childbearing years and reproductive age?
Scattergraphs are used to identify one of these
What is a positive or negative correlation?
Features relevant to the population structure of a developed country
What is low fertility rate, low birth rate, ageing population, long life expectancy, bulging middle age population, can have declining population?
The two main features of a core country according to Wallerstein's World System's Theory
What is technologically advanced and an exporter of (capital intensive) products?
The differences between a refuge, asylum seeker and internally displaced person
What is a refugee:a person who has been forced to leave their country in order to escape war, persecution, or natural disaster. An Asylum seeker: a person who has left their home country as a political refugee and is seeking asylum in another. Internally Displaced Person: have not crossed a border to find safety?
the study of statistics such as births, deaths, income, or the incidence of disease, which illustrate the structure of human populations.
What is demography?
Explain Stage 4 of the Demographic Transition Model
What is low birth rates, low death rates, high life expectancy, slowing population growth?
Four implications of an ageing population
What are: •shrinking working-age population • a shrinking tax base/government revenue decrease •reduction of economic growth impacting financial markets through reduced savings and investment levels •rising expenses associated with ageing e.g shortfall of hospital beds •Pension Programs/Social security payments •Housing infrastructure expenditure *Change in family structure *emptying countryside •impacts farming and construction * changing government policies in relation to immigration?
What is a graphical representation of the distribution of a variable such as income or land against a population using cumulative data?
Impacts of migration can be positive or negative. Name three (3)
What are: •reduce age dependency ratio •reduce population decline when fertility rates are below replacement level •economic impact due to increase of total spending on goods and service within an economy – increase in GDP •being gainfully employed, income tax will increase •address acute skills shortages
Difference between ethnic enclave and ghetto
Ethnic enclaves are found in urban centres where communities of international migrants are concentrated. Ghettos are similiar (house the marginalised) but often more impoverished.
Calculate a location quotient
What is a demographic feature in a location divided by the same demographic feature in another region or country?
State two (2) implications of positive and negative population momentum.
What are: Positive momentum – pressure on infrastructure such as hospitals, schools, aged care; impacts of urbanisation; food security; high demand for jobs, age dependency ratio high Negative momentum - decline in government wealth, GDP, business opportunity and success, reduction in labour force
This model includes a traditional society, preconditions for take off, take off, drive to maturity and age of high mass consumption.
What is Rostow's Model of Economic Growth?
I am a model of migration
What is Zellinsky's Model of Migration?
Name given to economic benefits resulting from a reduction in fertility rates
What is demographic dividend?
Ten reasons for variations in spatial patterns
What is: gender roles, social cultural expectations, access to education, population density, health, religion, political regime, corruption, conflict, technological availability, level of advancement, mechanisation of labour roles, sustainability, food security, water access, biophysical – weather/desert/mountains, country wealth/GDP, income stream, resources, natural resources, infrastructure
Three limitations of the Demographic Transition Model
What is: the model assumes that in time all countries pass through the same stages (some may not due to political unrest and economic stressors) • migration is not considered • model does not predict how long a country will be in each stage • divides all the countries in the world, home to 7 billion people, within just four or five groups •Lifestyle/cultural choices – choosing to be subsistence farmers for example, not being consumer society •Environmental factors that limit growth •Events such as wars, famines, pandemics and natural disasters
An economic snowballing process by which investment in new industry creates new employment opportunities, which in turn generates more consumers and increased demand for local goods and services.
What are cumulative causation and the multiplier effect?
I am pseudo-urbanisation
What is when a city is unable to contain its populace in terms of providing livelihood, housing and infrastructure?