Acronyms
FBI
Federal Bureau of Investigation
Considered the “Father of Forensic Toxicology”
Mathieu Orfila
Misdemeanor
minor crime
“Law on the books”; these are legislative acts declaring, commanding, or prohibiting something. They have been enacted by a governmental body or agency (such as Congress) and are based on the Constitution.
Statutory Law
unreasonable
DEA
Drug Enforcement Administration
Published his first Sherlock Holmes story;
Sir Arthur Conan Doyle
Felony
major crime such as murder
Laws made up of judicial opinions and precedents set in appellate courts.
Common Law or Case Law
probable cause
ATF
Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms
Director of the Institute of Criminalistics at the University of Lyons, France. He stated every Contact leaves a trace
Edmond Locard
Double jeopardy
A person has already been tried for the same crime in the same court
Often referred to as private law; deals with relationships between individuals involving matters such as property, contracts, marriage/divorce, wills, negligence, and other civil concerns. Violations of civil law are usually punishable by fines or transfer of property.
Civil Law
The right to be presumed innocent until _______ guilty
proven
USPIS
US Postal Inspection Service
Discovered the ABO blood groups
Karl Landsteiner
No contest
neither admits or denies the crime, but accepts punishment as though he/she were guilty
Often referred to as public law; deals with regulation and enforcement of rights. Offenses against an individual are usually offensive to society; the state becomes the plaintiff in court. (ex. Miranda vs. Arizona)
Criminal Law
The right against self-____________
incrimination
AFIS
Automated Fingerprint Identification System
Developed a comparison microscope
Calvin Goddard
Indict means ...
to formally accuse a person of a crime
Remedial or preventative; includes injunctions and restraining orders.
Equity Law
The right to a fair and ___________ jury trial that will be free from cruel and unusual punishments and excessive bail and fines
speedy