The three ideas that came from the Enlightenment era. (hint: John Locke and Baron de Montesquieu)
Natural rights, social contract, and separation of powers.
The idea that those who govern must follow the laws; no one is above the law
Rule of law
The idea that it is unfair to tax someone without giving them a voice in government.
Taxation without representation
He was chosen to write the Declaration of Independence.
Thomas Jefferson
The Enlightenment idea that came from Baron de Montesquieu.
Separation of powers
A government document that guarantee the English people certain rights.
English Bill of Rights
A document that listed the colonial grievances.
The Declaration of Independence.
The purpose of the Declaration of Indpendence.
To declare independence from King George and Great Britain.
Natural rights.
Life, liberty, and property (property was changed to the pursuit of happiness when being used in the Declaration of Independence)
Wrote a pamphlet called Common Sense and convinced the American colonists' to declare independence from Great Britain.
Thomas Paine
Parliament taxed the colonists on printed documents. The colonists protested this by writing a petition to King George to repeal the act because taxation without representation violated their rights.
Stamp Act
His Enlightenment idea is used here:
…that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness...
John Locke's Natural rights
When the community agrees to give up some of their freedom and be governed with consent. In return, the government protects the rights of the community.
Social contract
The document that limited government. The idea of a speedy and fair trial by a jury came from this document.
Magna Carta
Parliament eventually repealed the stamp act because the colonists refused to buy goods from Britain.
Boycott
His Enlightenment idea is used here:
…That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, — That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government...
John Locke's social contract
A principle of the federal government, according to the U.S. Constitution, that allows each branch of government to limit the power of the other branches.
Checks and balances
The idea of self-government came from this document. The English puritans wrote this document agreeing to make their own laws and govern themselves.
Mayflower compact.
This group met in Philadelphia to redress their grievances against King George and stop the fighting against the American colonies.
The Second Continental Congress
We hold these truths to be 1.__________, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain 2._____ Rights, that among these are 3._____, 4._____, and the pursuit of 5.________.
1.self-evident
2. unalienable
3. Life
4. Liberty
5. Happiness