Chapter 11.1:
Lewis and Clark
Lewis and Clark
The Nonexistent all-water route across the North American continent sought by European American explorers
Northwest Passage
An amendment proposed by representative James Tallmadge in 1819 that called for Missouri to be admitted as a free state and for all enslaved people there to be gradually emancipated
Tallmadge Amendment
Mexican residents of Texas
Tejanos
the lands west of the Rio Grande ceded to the United States by Mexico in 1848, including California, Arizona, New Mexico, Nevada, Utah, and parts of Wyoming and Colorado
Mexican Cession
an amendment to a revenue bill that would have barred slavery from all the territories acquired from Mexico
Wilmot Proviso
a person who engages in an unofficial military operation intended to seize land from foreign countries or foment revolution there
Filibuster
an agreement reached in Congress in 1820 that allowed Missouri to enter the Union as a slave state, brought Maine into the Union as a free state, and prohibited slavery north of 36° 30' latitude
Missouri Compromise
a person who brought new settlers to Texas in exchange for a grant of land
empresario
Mexican residents of California
Californios
five separate laws passed by Congress in September 1850 to resolve issues stemming from the Mexican Cession and the sectional crisis
Compromise of 1850
As a result of the Adam-Onís Treaty, The United States gained which territory from Spain?
a. California.
b. Nevada
c. Florida
C. Florida
A proposal to prohibit the importation of enslaved people to Missouri following its admission to the United States was made by ________.
A. John Quincy Adams
B. James Tallmadge
C. John C. Calhoun
B. James Tallmadge
Texas won its independence from Mexico in ________.
A. 1835
B.1836
C. 1837
B.1836
Which of the following was not a reason the United States was reluctant to annex Texas?
A. Adding Texas would upset the balance between free and slave states in Congress.
B. Texans considered U.S. citizens inferior and did not want to be part of their country.
C. The United States did not want to fight a war with Mexico.
B. Texans considered U.S. citizens inferior and did not want to be part of their country.
Which of the following was not a provision of the Compromise of 1850?
A. Slavery was abolished in Washington, DC.
B. California was admitted as a free state.
C. Residents of New Mexico and Utah were to decide for themselves whether their territories would be slave or free.
D. A stronger fugitive slave law was passed.
A. Slavery was abolished in Washington, DC.
Who was the Native American from the Shoshone tribe that led the Corps of Discovery. Explain why she was important and what role she played in the Lewis and Clark expedition.
Sacagawea knew the land better than the Americans, and she proved invaluable as an interpreter and diplomat to the Shoshone people. The presence of a young woman and her infant convinced many groups that the expedition was not a war party and meant no harm
Why did the Missouri Crisis trigger threats of disunion and war? Identify the positions of both southern slaveholders and northern opponents of the spread of slavery.
Norther politicians didn't like the terms of the Missouri Compromise since it allowed the expansion of slavery into the lands acquired in the Louisiana Purchase. They feared it would lead to the West being dominated by slaveholders. Southerners disliked the compromise since it prohibited people from taking their slaves into the territory north of 36° 30' latitude, which they thought was in violation of their property rights.
How did Texas settlers' view of Mexico and its people contribute to the history of Texas in the 1830s?
American slaveholders in Texas distrusted the Mexican government's reluctant tolerance of slavery and wanted Texas to be a new U.S. slave state. Most also disliked Mexican's Roman Catholicism and regarded them as dishonest, ignorant, and backward. Belief in their own superiority inspired some Texans to try to undermine the power of the Mexican Government.
Why did whites in California dislike the Chinese so much?
The Chinese were more disciplined that the majority of the white miners, gaining a reputation for being extremely hard-working and frugal. White miners resented the minding successes that the Chinese earned. They believed the Chinese were unfairly depriving them of the means to earn a living.
Describe the events leading up to the formation of the Free-Soil Party.
At the party's national convention in 1848, the majority of Democrats voted for a candidate who supported popular sovereignty. A faction of the party was dismayed by this outcome; they opposed popular sovereignty and wanted to restrict the expansion of slavery in order to protect the value of white workers' labor. They united with antislavery Whigs and former members of the Liberty Party to form a new political party-The Free-Soil party - which had one goal, to oppose the extension of slavery into the territories.
For what purposes did Thomas Jefferson send Lewis and Clark to explore the Louisiana Territory. What did he want them to accomplish?
Jefferson wanted Lewis and Clark to find an all-water route to the Pacific Ocean, strengthen U.S. claims to the Pacific Northwest by reaching it through an overland route, explore and map the territory, make note of its natural resources and wildlife, and make contact with Indian tribes with the intention of establishing trade with them.
To Balance Votes in the Senate, name the state that was admitted to the Union as a free state at the same time that Missouri was admitted as a slave state. As a result, what did Congress do to prevent similar conflicts each time a territory applied for statehood?
Maine was admitted a slave state. a line coinciding with the southern border of Missouri (at latitude 36° 30') was drawn across the remainder of the Louisiana Territory. Slavery could exist south of this line but was forbidden north of it, with the obvious exception of Missouri.
Texans defeated the army of General Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna at the Battle of ________ . Explain the famous saying “Remember the Alamo!” during that battle.
Texans defeated the army of General Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna at the Battle of San Jacinto. Assured by Houston that the victory is certain, the seven hundred men descended on a sleeping force nearly twice their number with cries of “Remember the Alamo!” Within fifteen minutes the Battle of San Jacinto was over. Approximately half the Mexican troops were killed, and the survivors, including Santa Anna, taken prisoner.
Who introduced the concept of "Manifest Destiny"? Explain this belief?
a New York newspaper editor, John O’Sullivan, introduced the concept of Manifest Destiny. The belief describes the very popular idea of the special role of the United States in overspreading the continent—the divine right and duty of White Americans to seize and settle the American West, thus spreading Protestant, democratic values.
What political party sought to exclude slavery from the western territories, leaving these areas open for settlement by White farmers and ensuring that White laborers would not have to compete with enslaved labor. Explain what was that party's main goal?
The Free-Soil Party had one real goal—to oppose the extension of slavery into the territories