Chapter 6
the process whereby a series of molecular actions cause myosin and actin to interact and produce muscle contraction
what is the cross-bridge cycle?
the idea that a greater fat consumption would lead to a greater fat oxidation rate
physiological changes that occur in response to repeated exposure to an environmental condition such as heat or high altitude
what is acclimatization?
the fatigue that occurs when the substrates for energy production are used up
what is metabolic fatigue?
the process by which glucose is converted to pyruvate
what is glycolysis?
two main goals of a pre-exercise snack
what is (1) optimize glucose availability & glycogen stores and (2) provide the fuel needed for exercise?
a state of normal body water content
what is euhydration?
a subset of endurance sports that lasts for 4 hours or more
what are ultra-endurance sports?
the system the body relies on as an immediate source of energy
what is the phosphagen system?
the main goal of post-exercise replenishment
what is replenish glycogen storage and facilitate muscle repair?
the major control center that is responsible for thermoregulation
what is the hypothalamus?
the speed in which ATP is generated
what is aerobic power?
increase in glycogen storage
what is carbohydrate loading?
a pre-exercise meal/snack should be this
what is relatively high in carbohydrates?
abnormally low concentration of blood sodium
what is hyponatremia?
one of the most common nutrient deficiencies, especially in females
what is iron depletion?
the breakdown of fatty acids into acetyl-CoA and hydrogen
what is beta-oxidation?
these are released as energy-rich fatty acids that can be broken down to make ATP through beta-oxidation
What are stored triglycerides?
breakdown of skeletal muscle tissue and release of contents into the bloodstream that sometimes leads to kidney failure
what is rhabdomyolysis?
the increase in muscle protein synthesis resulting from a resistance-training workout lasts about this long
what is 24-48 hours?