DNA and RNA Structure
What base pairs with adenine in DNA?
Thymine
What enzyme unzips DNA?
Helicase
What do enzymes do?
Speed up reactions
What is a mutation?
change in dna
What is genetic engineering?
Changing dna
What sugar is in dna
Deoxyribose
What enzyme builds new DNA?
DNA polymerase
Where does substrate bind?
active site
What is a substitution?
One base replaced
What cuts DNA?
restriction enzymes
What is the shape of DNA?
Double helix
When does replication happen?
S phase
What happens if enzyme is too hot?
Denatures
What is a frameshift?
Shift in reading frame
What joins DNA?
ligase
What base is in RNA but not DNA?
Uracil
What strand is made in pieces?
Lagging strand
What biological molecule lowers activation energy?
enzymes
name one cause of mutations?
radiation (accept other answers)
What is GMO?
Genetically modified organism
What are DNA building blocks called?
Nucleotides
What type of bond holds DNA strands together?
Hydrogen bonds
What shape change helps enzyme work?
induced fit
Are all mutations bad?
No
Example of genetic engineering?
insulin producing bacteria, genetically modified crops, gene therapy, CRISPR gene editing