Glucose and DM
This A1C range indicates prediabetes.
5.7–6.4%
First-line medication for Type 2 diabetes and its primary effect
Metformin-
•Decreases hepatic glucose production
•Decreases intestinal glucose absorption
•Increases sensitivity to insulin
Paralysis on left side of body
Spatial-perceptual difficulties
Impulsive behavior/poor judgment
First action during a seizure.
Protect patient from injury (lower to floor, side position)
Key requirement for valid informed consent.
Must be voluntary, informed, and patient competent
Conclusive fasting blood glucose level which indicates DM2
≥ 200 mg/dl (random) with signs & symptoms- conclusive
What the “15-15 rule” is used for and explain
Treating hypoglycemia
15g of carbs every 15 min until normal
Term for weakness on one side of the body.
Hemiparesis
What NOT to do during a seizure.
Do NOT put anything in mouth
Priority complication to prevent after surgery.
Atelectasis (respiratory complications)
Key difference in pathophysiology between Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes.
Type 1 = autoimmune destruction of beta cells; Type 2 = insulin resistance + ↓ insulin
Best teaching for consistent glucose control related to meals.
Eat consistent carbs/calories at same time daily
Type of stroke caused by a traveling clot.
Embolic stroke
Headache type: unilateral, throbbing, with nausea and aura.
Migraine
Interventions to prevent DVT (2 examples).
Early ambulation, SCDs, leg exercises, anticoagulants
Three common symptoms of hyperglycemia.
Polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia
Factors that increase blood glucose
Stress, illness, etc.
Time goal for stroke treatment (“door to needle”).
Within 60 minutes
Headache type: severe, around one eye, short but frequent, male
Cluster headache
Signs of postoperative bleeding.
Tachycardia, ↓ BP, restlessness, neuro changes
Condition characterized by extremely high glucose (>600) without ketosis.
Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Syndrome (HHS)
Low at 2–3 AM but high in the morning.
Somogyi effect
Key eligibility lab values for tPA (2 examples).
INR ≤1.7, Platelets ≥100,000, PT ≤15 sec
Name 5 things to document about a seizure
Documentation
•Sequence of events
•Circumstances before the seizure
•Occurrence of an aura
•Location and type of movements
•Pupillary response
•If eyes or head are turned (involuntarily) to one side
•Presence or absence of involuntary motor activity like lip smacking or repetitions
•Incontinence
•Duration of each phase of the seizure
•Movements at the end of the seizure
•Cognitive status after the seizure
An allergy to bananas might indicate
Latex allergy