Cell Organelles
“Powerhouse of the cell”
What is the mitochondria
Movement of molecules from high to low concentration
What is diffusion?
As cells get bigger, this ratio decreases
What is surface area to volume ratio?
Proteins that speed up reactions
What are enzymes?
Cells become unique for specific jobs
What is differentiation?
Organelle responsible for protein synthesis
What is the ribosome?
Requires energy (ATP)
What is active transport?
Helps cells exchange materials faster
What is a high surface area?
The molecule enzymes act on
What is the substrate?
Red blood cells are specialized to do this
What is carry oxygen?
Modifies, sorts, and ships proteins
What is the Golgi apparatus?
Movement of water across a membrane
What is osmosis?
Folding of the membrane increases this
What is surface area?
Where the substrate binds
What is the active site?
Long extensions of neurons help with this
What is transmitting signals?
Contains digestive enzymes
What is the lysosome?
Transport proteins that change shape to move substances
What are carrier proteins?
Why cells stay small
What is to maintain efficiency?
High temperatures can do this to enzymes
What is denature?
Root hair cells increase this
What is absorption?
Stores water and maintains turgor pressure in plants
What is the central vacuole
Bulk transport INTO the cell
What is endocytosis?
Structure in intestines that increases absorption
What are microvilli?
A molecule that blocks enzyme function
What is an inhibitor?
Gene expression determines this
What is cell function/identity?