Physics
What type of wave is sound?
Longitudinal
What are chloroplasts?
Specialized green organelles in plants that capture sunlight energy to carry out photosynthesis.
Name the three main states of matter.
The three states are solids, liquids, and gases.
What is the unit of amplitude?
Metres (m)
What is osmosis?
The specific scientific name that describes the diffusion of water moving through a semi-permeable membrane.
When separating an insoluble solid from a liquid using filtration, what are the technical names given to the solid left behind on the filter paper and the liquid that passes through into the flask?
The solid left behind on the paper is called the residue, and the liquid that passes through is called the filtrate.
True or false: “A horizontal line on a distance-time graph means that the object is moving at a constant speed”
False
What are ribosomes?
Tiny cellular organelles that act as protein-making factories inside both plant and animal cells.
A student mixes spoonfuls of sugar into a beaker of water until no more sugar can dissolve, and extra sugar crystals just sit at the bottom. Identify the specific terms for the sugar, the water, and the final liquid state reached when no more sugar dissolves.
The sugar is the solute, the water is the solvent, and the final liquid state is a saturated solution.
The Moon reflects light from the Sun onto the Earth. If the Moon was covered in matt-black paint, what would happen and why?
We would not be able to see anything because all the light would be absorbed from the black colour.
What specific fluid solution causes potato slices to lose water and turn soft during an osmosis experiment?
Salt water
During a paper chromatography lab, why is it absolutely essential to draw the starting line using a pencil instead of a standard ink pen, and why must the solvent level be kept below this line?
The line must be drawn in pencil because graphite is insoluble in the solvent and will not separate or interfere with the results. The solvent level must stay below the line so that the ink spots do not dissolve directly down into the solvent pool and wash away before traveling up the paper.
There are two cars in a race, Car A and Car B. They both start at rest. Car A reaches the finish line (200m) in 25 seconds. Car B reaches halfway in 30 seconds, and finishes the rest of the race track in 10 seconds. Calculate the speeds of both cars, and say which one finished the race first.
Car A has a speed of 8m/s and Car B has an average speed of 5m/s. Car A finished the race first.
What is ATP?
The chemical units of cellular energy that a cell must consume to pull molecules against their natural flow during active transport.
In a paper chromatography experiment testing a marker ink, the solvent front travels exactly 12.0 centimeters from the baseline. One of the separated dye spots travels a distance of 4.8 centimeters from the baseline. Calculate the Rf value of this dye. Show your formula and work.
The formula is Rf equals distance travelled by the spot divided by distance travelled by the solvent front. The calculation is 4.8 centimeters divided by 12.0 centimeters which equals 0.4. The Rf value is 0.4 and it has no units.