Cell Types
State the name of the type of cell that lacks a true nucleus
Prokaryotes
State the name/s of the organelle are responsible for production of energy in eukaryotic cells
Mitochondria and Chloroplasts
In regards to concentration gradients state which direction diffusion occurs and state what needs to occur for the movement to stop
High to low until equilibrium
In which direction does osmosis travel (be specific)
Area of low solute concentration (high water) to areas of high solute concentration (low water)
What is the total magnification of a microscope that has an ocular magnification of 10 and a objective magnification of 40
10 x 40 = 400x magnification
State the four kingdoms of organisms that can be eukaryotic
Plants, Animals, Fungi OR Protists
State the name of the organelle that is the site of protein synthesis
Ribosomes
State the three types of passive transport.
Diffusion, Facilitated diffusion, osmosis
State the name for the type of solution that has a high concentration of solutes called
Hypertonic
State the word equation for photosynthesis
Carbon dioxide + water (in the presence of sunlight) --> glucose + Oxygen
List the two structures on the outside of some bacterial cells called?
Flagellum, Cilia or pili
State the difference between the terms cytoplasm and cytosol
Cytoplasm is everything within the cell including the cytosol and cytoplasm
Cytosol only refers to the liquid/ gel portion of the cell
What is the name of the process that allows particles to move from extracellular to intracellular space
Endocytosis
State the name of the three types of solutions
Hypotonic
Hypertonic
Isotonic
State the name of the three main types of macromolecules
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Lipids
(Nucleic acids)
List the three layers on the outside of a bacterial cell from outside to inside
Capsule, Cell wall, Cell membrane
Muscle cells, require more mitochondria for energy production
State the three factors that affect rate of diffusion
Temperature
Concentration gradient
Size of particles
Surface area
Explain what happens to a cell that is placed in a hypotonic solution
The cell has a higher solute concentration than the solution so it will swell and become turgid (water rushes into the cell)
You have used a microscope at 100x magnification and see some large cells, you estimate that there are 9 cells from left to right. What is the size of the cells?
FN = 18
objective mag = 10
18/10 = 1.8
1.8 x 1000 = 1800 micrometers
1800/9 = 200 micrometers in length
State three differences between plant and animal cells
Large central vacuoles vs smaller vacuoles
Chloroplasts vs no choloplasts
More rigid shape vs more circular in shape
no lysosomes vs lysosomes
List 10 Organelles from any cells
Cell membrane, Rough ER, Smooth ER,
Ribosomes, Cytoplasm, Nucleus, Centrioles
Mitochondria, Capsule, Flagellum, Chloroplasts etc.
What is the type of transport that allows solids and water to enter a cell?
Phagocytosis for solids, pinocytosis for liquids
Includes a diagram that is correctly draw including
- arrow for direction
- solute concentration in and out of the cell
- Phospholipid bilayer
State where each stage of photosynthesis occurs in a plant cell make sure to name every structure that is involved
Sunlight is absorbed by chlorophyll,
Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplasts
The light dependent stage occurs in the thylakoids
The light independent stage occurs in the stroma