Bugging your Chiefs
I Heart You All
In Da Lab
Tummy Ache Surviviors
Hemodynamic Madness
100
Prophylaxis against Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia is initiated when the CD4 count drops below this threshold.
What is 200 cells/µL?
100
This is the most common valvular heart disease in developed countries, often found incidentally as a systolic murmur in elderly patients.
What is aortic stenosis?
100
This lab value, when elevated above 0.3 mg/dL, combined with clinical criteria, helps define acute kidney injury by the KDIGO classification.
What is serum creatinine (rise of ≥0.3 mg/dL within 48 hours)?
100
Often thought of as caused by alcohol and gallstones, this other cause of pancreatitis can be normal on initial lab testing due to patient's poor PO tolerance in the acute phase of the illness
what are triglycerides
100
This physical exam maneuver used to evaluate fluid responsiveness delivers the equivalent of a 500ml fluid bolus
What is passive leg raise?
200
A traveler returns from sub-Saharan Africa with cyclic fevers, rigors, and splenomegaly. Thick and thin blood smears are the gold standard to diagnose this parasitic infection.
What is malaria?
200
A patient with this ekg finding and history of palpitations is at risk of this arrhythmia
what is WPW
200
An elevated serum ferritin with a low transferrin saturation is the classic pattern seen in this broad category of conditions, rather than true iron overload.
What is anemia of chronic disease (anemia of inflammation)?
200
this condition is marked by the triad of fever, RUQ pain, and jaundice
what is acute cholangitis (charcot's triad)
200
A positive passive leg raise test (and thus possible fluid responsiveness) is indicated by an increase in what?
What is Cardiac Output (increased pulse pressure, increased end titdal CO2, improved capillary refill, are all just surrogates for this, therefore only cardiac output is the correct answer)
300
This parasitic infection, endemic in Latin America and transmitted by the reduviid (kissing) bug, can cause megacolon, megaesophagus, and a dilated cardiomyopathy decades after initial infection.
What is Chagas disease (Trypanosoma cruzi)?
300
Treatment with this medication for pericarditis reduces recurrence rates by over 50%
What is colchicine
300
Anti-dsDNA and anti-Smith antibodies are both highly specific for this autoimmune disease.
What is systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?
300
This is the amount of weeks one should wait to drain a pancreatic fluid collection from an acute bout of pancreatitis
what is 4 weeks
300
This is your first pressor of choice in cardiogenic shock
Norepinephrine
400
Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) producing this enzyme — abbreviated KPC — are sometimes called "nightmare bacteria." This newer beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor combination, containing avibactam, was a breakthrough for treating KPC-producing organisms.
What is ceftazidime-avibactam?
400
This is the preferred first-line IV antihypertensive for a hypertensive emergency in a patient with an acute aortic dissection
What is IV esmolol? (also accept labetalol)
400
This urine finding — muddy brown granular casts — is the hallmark of this common cause of inpatient acute kidney injury.
What is acute tubular necrosis (ATN)?
400
This is often the next step in evaluation of continued GI bleed if EGD and colonoscopy have failed, prior to pursuing push endoscopy or double balloon
What is capsule endoscopy
400
This is the leading cause of death in the setting of massive pulmonary embolism
What is RV failure
500
This viral infection causes retinitis described as "cottage cheese and ketchup" or "pizza pie" fundoscopic appearance in severely immunocompromised patients with CD4 counts below 50.
What is CMV (cytomegalovirus) retinitis?
500
In the PARADIGM-HF trial, this combination drug was shown to be superior to enalapril in reducing cardiovascular death and heart failure hospitalization in HFrEF.
What is sacubitril/valsartan (Entresto)?
500
A markedly elevated serum ACE level, non-caseating granulomas on biopsy, and bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy point to this diagnosis. The ACE level is neither sensitive nor specific enough to be used alone.
What is sarcoidosis?
500
A middle-aged woman presents with pruritus, fatigue, and elevated alkaline phosphatase. Anti-mitochondrial antibodies are positive. This is the diagnosis.
What is primary biliary cholangitis (PBC)?
500
There is emerging evidence that use of this rarely used vasopressor may lead to faster discontinuation of all pressors, reduced ICU lenght of stay, and possibly a mortality benefit. Note there is insufficient evidence to support widespread use
what is methylene blue