Bursae
This fluid-filled sac reduces friction between tendons and bones
What is a bursa?
Origin vs Attachment?
Origin
Attaches to the non-moving bone
More proximal (generally)
Insertion
Attaches to the moving bone
More distal (generally)
Gets pulled closer to the origin when muscle contracts
Innervations of the biceps, triceps, and deltoid mainly pass through what anatomical landmark?
Brachial plexus
This structure connects muscle to bone.
What is a tendon?
Adults (18+) who complete legal, witnessed pre-consent paperwork before death, or senior next-of-kin if no prior objection was registered.
Who can donate their bodies as cadavers?
This imaging modality is commonly used to visualize superficial bursae dynamically.
What is ultrasound?
Insertions and origins of biceps brachii
Insertions:
Radial tuberosity
Origins:
Coracoid process (short head)
Greater tubercle (supraglenoid tubercle)
The biceps brachii is innervated by which nerves?
Musculocutaneous nerve (C5-C6)
To provide stability and limiting excessive movement
What is the job of a ligament?
durable,clean and safe, however is highly standardized and does not show true anatomical variation or subtle details
What are plastinated models?
This shoulder bursa lies between the acromion and the rotator cuff tendons.
What is the subacromial bursa?
Insertion and origin of triceps brachii
Insertion:
Posterior humerus (medial and lateral head)
Infraglenoid tubercle (long head)
Origin:
Olecranon process
The triceps brachii is innervated by which nerves?
Radial nerve (C6-C8)
This connective tissue protein makes up the majority of both tendons and ligaments.
What is Type I collagen?
What medical conditions may result in a body donation being declined?
Infectious diseases such as Hepatitis or HIV.
This type of bursitis is usually caused by Staphylococcus aureus, an opportunistic bacterium that can infect a bursa after skin trauma or spread from nearby tissue.
What is septic bursitis?
Insertion and attachment of deltoid
Deltoid tuberosity
Origin:
Clavicle
Acromion
Scapular spine
The deltoid is innervated by which nerves?
Axillary nerve (C5-C6)
Ligaments have more of this protein than tendons, giving them extra flexibility for normal joint movement.
What is elastin?
This is the only legal way cadavers are obtained for anatomy teaching, rather than through unclaimed bodies.
What is procurement through institutional body donation programs?
This elbow bursa is commonly affected in "student's elbow."
What is the olecranon bursa?
A patient presents with complete loss of elbow extension. Which tendon, either origin or insertion, was most likely injured?
Triceps tendon and olecranon process. Triceps brachii is responsible for elbow extension. If there is complete loss, it is more likely that the olecranon process was injured, as opposed to either the infraglenoid tubercle or posterior humerus since there are two origins and only one insertion
Of the biceps, triceps, and deltoid, which can be used to assess for damage to the middle trunk of the brachial plexus?
This is the strongest and most important of the three glenohumeral ligaments, acting as the main stabiliser when the arm is abducted.
What is the Inferior Glenohumeral Ligament (IGHL)?
This legal authority may prevent body donation by taking jurisdiction over the deceased.
Who is the coroner?