INDUSTRIALIZATION & BIG BUSINESS
What economic development involved the rapid growth of factories, machines, and mass production in the late 1800s?
Industrialization
What happened to American cities as industrialization increased?
Cities grew rapidly as people moved there for jobs.
What political movement of farmers in the late 1800s wanted reforms to help farmers and ordinary workers?
Populism
What term describes a country's policy of extending its political, economic, or military influence over other countries or territories?
Imperialism
What was the initial U.S. policy toward World War I?
Neutrality
What business practice occurs when a company controls different stages of production, from raw materials to the finished product?
Vertical integration
Why did millions of immigrants come to the United States during the late 1800s and early 1900s?
They sought economic opportunities, jobs, and a better life.
What problem did many Progressives attempt to address during the early 1900s?
Problems caused by industrialization, urbanization, and political corruption.
What 1898 war resulted in the United States gaining control or influence over territories including Puerto Rico and the Philippines?
Spanish-American War
What German policy helped push the United States toward entering World War I?
Unrestricted submarine warfare
What business practice occurs when a company gains control of most or all businesses producing the same product?
Horizontal integration
What were crowded urban neighborhoods where many immigrants lived in poor conditions often called?
Tenements
What type of journalism exposed corruption, unsafe conditions, and problems caused by big business?
Muckraking
What event helped trigger the Spanish-American War?
The sinking of the USS Maine.
What movement involved African Americans moving from the rural South to Northern and Midwestern cities during and after World War I?
Great Migration
Which industrialist became famous for using vertical integration to dominate the steel industry?
Andrew Carnegie
What organization represented skilled workers and focused on better wages and working conditions?
American Federation of Labor (AFL)
What reform gave citizens the ability to vote directly on proposed laws?
Initiative and referendum
What U.S. project greatly increased American influence and trade by connecting the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans?
Panama Canal
What Supreme Court case upheld restrictions on free speech during World War I?
Schenck v. United States
Which industrialist used horizontal integration and created the Standard Oil trust?
John D. Rockefeller
What was one major reason workers formed labor unions?
To fight for better wages, shorter hours, safer working conditions, and other worker protections.
What Progressive reform allowed voters to remove an elected official from office before the end of their term?
Recall
What policy stated that the United States could intervene in Latin American countries to maintain stability and protect American interests?
Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine
What was President Woodrow Wilson's plan for peace after World War I called?
The Fourteen Points