Fighting
the Aztec emperor defeated and killed by the Spanish conquistador Hernando Cortes
who was moctezuma?
italian explorer who led the English expedition in 1497 that discovered the main land of North America and explored the coast
who was john cabot
Franciscan priest who established a chain of missions along the California coast, beginning in san Diego in 1769m with the aim of christianizing and civilizing native peoples
who was father junipero Serra
legal principle that the oldest son inherits all family property or land. landowners younger sons, forced to seek their fortunes elsewhere traveled to the americas
What is primogeniture
Protestant queen of england, whose forty five year reign firmly secured the Anglican church and innagurated a period or maritime exploration and conquest
Who was Elizabeth I
Spanish fleet defeated in the English Channel in 1588. The defeat of the armada marked the beginning of the decline of the spanish empire.
Spanish armada
Frenchman who followed the Mississippi River all the way to the Gulf of Mexico claiming the region for France and naming in Louisiana in honor of king louis XIV
who was Robert la Salle
French Protestant dissenters, they were granted limited toleration under the edict of Nantes.
Who were the Huguenots
short term partnership between multiple investors to fund a commercial enterprise
what is a joint stock company
bound together five tribes- the Mohawks, the oneidas, the onodagas, the Cayugas, and the senecas
What was the Iroquois confederacy
series of clashes between the powhatan confederacy and English settlers in Virginia. Torched and pillaged Indian villages
What was the first Anglo Powhatan war (1610-1614)
Translated as runners of the woods they were frency fur trappers also known as voyagers who established trading posts thought North America
who were the coureurs de bois
Movement to reform the Catholic Church launched in Germany by martin Luther. Reformers questioned the authority of the pope
what was the Protestant reformation
English joint stock company that received a charter from king James I that allowed it to fund the Virginia colony
What is Virginia company
the Dutch colony along the Hudson River area, that was establsied by the dutch west India company
What was New Netherland
Last ditch effort by the Indians to dislodge Virginia settlements. The resulting peace treaty formally separated white and Indian areas of settlement
What was the second Anglo Powhatan war (1644-1646)
Sir walter Raleigh’s failed colonial settlement off the coast of North Carolina
what was Roanoke island
Decree issueD by the French crown granting limited tolerance to French Protestants. Ended religious wars in France and inaugurated a period of French preeminence in Europe
what was the edict of Nantes
legal document granted by a government to some group or agency to implement a stated purpose, and spelling out the attending rights and obligations
What is a charter
Indian slave woman who was an interpreter for hernan Cortez on his conquests of the Aztecs
Who was dona Maria
chief of the Powhatan confederacy and father to pocahontas.
Who was Powhatan
english adventurer who took control of Jamestown in 1608 and ensured the survival of the colony by directing gold hungry colonists towards more productive tasks
who was john smith
absolute monarch. Highly religious king of england when queen elizabeth died. Supported overseas colonization. Cracked down on both catholics and puritan seperatists
who was James I of England
first permanent English settlement in north America founded by the virginia colony
What was Jamestown
English sea captain who completed his circumnaviation of the globe in 1580 plundering Spanish ships and settlements along the way
Who was sir Francis drake