Mythology
What does "Philosophy" mean?
Love of Wisdom
Who said everything is made of water?
Thales
What basic element did Heraclitus teach was the first principle?
Fire
Who is the primary Eleatic philosopher?
Parmenides
What does the term "atom" mean in ancient Greek?
indivisible/uncuttable
What Greek word refers to the origin or fundamental substance that all things are explained by?
Arche
What event marked the beginning of philosophy?
Which thinker taught reality is fundamentally mathematical?
Pythagoras
According to Parmenides, which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Being?
Eternal
Temporary
According to this view, only matter (or material things) exists.
Materialism
For ancient peoples, Myths answered what two questions...
Meaning (a sense of my place, identity, and destiny) and Morality (how to act or live well)
Which philosopher said that everything was made of air?
Anaximenes
True/false: The Eleatics believed that change was impossible.
True
What is the name of the main Atomist philosopher?
Democritus
What does "myth" mean?
What word describes the idea that all of existing is really just one thing? (Hint: All three of Milesians were adherents of this view.)
Monism
What famous saying of Heraclitus communicates the idea that everything is constantly changing?
"You cannot step into the same river twice."
What are the two ways of knowing?
Way of Truth (Reason) and Way of Opinion (Senses)
True
the world and the divine are the same. i.e. force of nature and the different aspects of human existence are controlled by a pantheon of superpowerful, yet finite "gods"
What Greek word describes Anaximander's concept of the "boundless"?
Apeiron
Which school of philosophy outside of the Ionians believed that Logos was the active principle that ordered the universe?
Logos
Explain one of Zeno's paradoxes
Distance Paradox, Arrow Paradox
What are two of the three implications of materialism?
Causal determinism, denial of free will, and no objective meaning/value