Scientific Method
Janelle hypothesizes that 50% of the heating ducts in her house are blocked. What should she do next to test her hypothesis?
What is run an experiment?
A kilogram is an SI unit. What quantity is measured in kilograms?
A. Temperature
B. Mass
C. Length
D. Electric current
What is mass?
Earth's gravity is 9.8 m/s², while the Moon's gravity is 1.6 m/s². If an object has a mass of 40 kg on Earth, what is its mass on the Moon?
What is 40 kg?
Which alignment causes a solar eclipse?
A. Sun–Earth–Moon
B. Sun–Moon–Earth
C. Earth–Sun–Moon
D. Moon–Sun–Earth
What is Sun–Moon–Earth?
What are the dark, blotchy areas visible on the Sun's surface called?
A. Solar winds
B. Sunspots
C. Coronal mass ejections
D. Planetary nebulae
What are sunspots?
Which of these can be scientifically tested: opinions, facts, scientific theories, or all of the above?
What are facts?
A burning streak of light produced when a space object passes through Earth's atmosphere is called a ______.
What is a meteor?
Using the same object, what would its weight be on the Moon?
What is 64 N?
What do the equinoxes signify?
A. A change in ocean tides
B. A partial lunar eclipse
C. A change in the seasons
D. A change in lunar phases
What is a change in the seasons?
Sunspots occur in which layer of the Sun?
A. Corona
B. Radiative zone
C. Photosphere
D. Core
What is the photosphere?
Arya notices that the grass behind her house is dry. According to the scientific method, what should she do FIRST?
A. Take soil samples
B. Run tests
C. Ask why the grass is dry
D. Discuss the results with landscapers
What is ask why the grass is dry?
A rocky object from space that survives its trip through the atmosphere and reaches Earth's surface is called a ______.
What is a meteorite?
How did scientists give the Juno spacecraft an extra boost on its way to Jupiter?
A. Two rockets
B. Gravitational slingshot
C. Decreasing its mass
D. Increasing the fuel
What is a gravitational slingshot?
Which lunar phase occurs directly before the Full Moon?
A. New Moon
B. Waxing Crescent
C. Waxing Gibbous
D. Waning Gibbous
E. Waning Crescent
What is waxing gibbous?
Why does the Sun rotate faster at its equator than at its poles?
A. The Sun is closer to Earth at its equator.
B. The Sun is a gaseous body rather than a solid body.
C. Gravity is stronger at the equator.
D. The Sun's poles contain less hydrogen.
What is the Sun is a gaseous body rather than a solid body?
After Arya asks why the grass is dry, she predicts that the soil has two-thirds less water than nearby yards. What step of the scientific process is this?
What is forming a hypothesis/prediction?
Which TWO statements about the solar system are FALSE?
A. The Sun is the only star in our solar system.
B. The Kuiper Belt is between Uranus and Neptune.
C. Dwarf planets have several other bodies in their orbital path.
D. The solar system contains the Sun and objects that orbit it.
What are B and C?
Which statement correctly distinguishes mass from weight?
A. Mass changes with gravity; weight does not.
B. Mass is measured in newtons; weight is measured in kilograms.
C. Mass is the amount of matter; weight is gravitational force.
D. Mass and weight are the same thing.
What is mass is the amount of matter; weight is gravitational force?
Which TWO are valid names for the equinoxes?
A. Fall equinox
B. Partial equinox
C. Total equinox
D. Spring equinox
What are the fall equinox and spring equinox?
In a massive star, hydrogen in the core begins to run out. What happens next?
A. The outer shell expands and cools.
B. The star immediately becomes a black hole.
C. The star stops producing energy completely.
D. The star becomes a planet.
What is the outer shell expands and cools?
Put these scientific-process steps in the correct order:
Ask a question → Make a prediction/hypothesis → Conduct an experiment → Communicate the results
Which celestial bodies can have one or more moons?
A. Meteors
B. Comets
C. Dwarf planets
D. Meteoroids
E. Planets
What are dwarf planets and planets?
During a gravitational slingshot, a spacecraft's direction changes because of the gravitational force between the spacecraft and the planet. What happens to the spacecraft's velocity in the model as it approaches and leaves the planet?
Its velocity changes because gravity changes its motion/direction and can increase its speed relative to the Sun.
Jupiter is 5.2 AU from the Sun. If 1 AU ≈ 150 million km, approximately how far is Jupiter from the Sun?
A. 7.8 million km
B. 78 million km
C. 780 million km
D. 7,800 million km
What is 780 million kilometers?
Stars with roughly more than three times the mass of our Sun can eventually become what?
A. White dwarfs
B. Asteroids
C. Black holes
D. Comets
What are black holes?