States of Matter
What state of matter has a definite shape and takes up a definite amount of space.
A SOLID.
Matter is made of these tiny pieces that are too small to see with our eyes. What are the tiny pieces called?
PARTICLES
If an object floats in water, is MORE DENSE than water, or LESS DENSE than water?
Less dense because it floats.
This tool can be used to measure the mass of an object.
A triple beam balance.
Anything that has mass and takes up space is called this.
Matter
What state of matter takes the shape of its container but does NOT spread out to fill the entire container.
A LIQUID.
How are the particles of a solid are arranged?
Tightly packed together, unable to slide past on another, vibrating in place.
If an object sinks to the bottom of a cup of water, is it MORE DENSE than the water, or LESS DENSE than the water?
More dense because it sinks.
What tool is used to accurately measure the volume of a liquid?
A graduated cylinder.
Students are comparing the densities of sand and different liquids. What safety equipment should the students use in this investigation?
Goggles
What state of matter has particles that are spread far apart and move quickly and freely.
A GAS.
Unlike particles in a solid, particles in a liquid can do this, allowing the liquid to flow.
Slide or move past one another.
A cork floats while a marble sinks. Which object has a greater density?
The marble, because it sinks.
A student needs to measure 25 mL of water as accurately as possible. She has a beaker, a graduated cylinder, a ruler, and a triple beam balance. Which tool should she choose, and why?
A graduated cylinder because it is designed to accurately measure liquid volume.
Ice melts into liquid water. Has the matter disappeared?
No. The matter changed physical state.
What state of matter is helium in a balloon?
A GAS.
A student has two models with particles -
Model A - particles packed closely together.
Model B - particles spread farther apart.
Which model represents the MORE dense material?
Model A - because the particles are packed closely together.
Object A floats in water. Object B sinks. A student says Object B must have more mass than Object A. Is the student necessarily correct?
No. Sinking and floating tell us about relative density, not mass alone.
A student measures the mass of a rock using a triple beam balance. The riders (weights) show 100 g, 30 g, and 4.5 g. What is the mass of the rock?
134.5g
A student places a wooden block in water and it floats. What property is the student testing?
Relative Density
Pancake batter can be poured and takes the shape of its container. Based on these properties, what state of matter is pancake batter?
A LIQUID.
A student says, “The particles in a liquid are spread as far apart as the particles in a gas because both can move.”
Is the student's statement TRUE or FALSE? How do you know?
Liquid particles remain relatively close together; gas particles are much farther apart.
Object X sinks in water but floats when placed in a different liquid. What can you conclude about the density of the second liquid compared with Object X?
The second liquid is more dense than Object X.
A student places an object on a triple beam balance. To find the object’s mass, what must the student do with the values shown by the three riders (weights)?
Add the values of the three riders (weights) together.
Two objects are the same size, but Object A has more matter packed into that space than Object B. Which object is more dense?
Object A is more dense.