Fallacies 1
Using excessive pity, guilt, or sadness to persuade or "forcing" the audience into an emotion.
What is Overly Sentimental Appeals?
Presenting only the evidence that supports your position while deliberately ignoring evidence that contradicts it.
What is Stacking the Deck?
Using the conclusion of an argument as evidence for that same conclusion, rather than providing independent support.
What is Begging the Question?
Drawing attention to something by claiming that you will not mention it.
Paralipsis
Comparing two things that are similar in some ways but significantly different in the way that matters to the argument.
What is Faulty Analogy?
Making a conclusion that does not logically follow from the statements that came before it.
What is Non Sequitur?
Treating one's own belief as unquestionably true and refusing to consider evidence or alternative viewpoints.
What is Dogmatism?
“If we don’t ban this new technology immediately, our entire society will collapse.”
What is Scare Tactics?
"Joe Rogan, the famous podcaster, says this vitamin prevents illness, so it must work.”
What is Appeal to False Authority?
“You shouldn’t listen to Jake’s argument about school lunches because he’s lazy.”
What is Ad Hominem?
“I wore my lucky socks and the Penguins team won, so I'll wear my socks again for their next game.”
What is Faulty Cause?
“Sarah is an excellent musician, so she will be an excellent doctor.”
What is Non Sequitur?
“This new diet is amazing! Look at these five people who lost weight using it.” (While the speaker ignores the many people who tried it without success.)
What is Stacking the Deck?
“Students are like machines: if you keep giving them information, they'll keep producing good work.”
What is Faulty Analogy?
“Everyone is buying this brand of shoes, so they must be the best.”
What is Band Wagon?
“If we allow students to use phones during lunch, soon they’ll be using them during every class, and eventually no one will learn anything.”
What is Slippery Slope?
“You have to give me a passing grade. Think about how devastated my parents will be if I fail.”
What is Overly Sentimental Appeals?
“Did you see the behavior from those Eagles fans? Philadelphians are all so obnoxious.”
What is Hasty Generalization?
“I won't even mention the fact that Alex cheated on the test.”
What is Paralipsis?
“Scientists could present a thousand studies contradicting my belief, and I still wouldn't change my mind. The evidence must be wrong.”
What is Dogmatism?
“The death penalty is morally justified because criminals who deserve to die should be executed.”
What is Begging the Question?
Parent: “I think teenagers should have limits on how much time they spend on social media.”
Teenager: “You just want to ban the internet and control everything I do.”
What is Strawman?
Interviewer: “Did your company violate the environmental regulations?”
CEO: “Our company provides thousands of jobs and contributes millions of dollars to the local economy.”
What is Red Herring?
“Caldwell Hall is in bad shape. Either we tear it down and put up a new building, or we continue to risk students’ safety.
Either/Or Choices
"I'll file for unemployment pay over the summer... as a teacher, I'm technically not working then."