Cell Theory And Organelles
What is the smallest unit that can carry out all the processes necessary for life?
Cells
Which type of cell does not have a nucleus?
Prokaryote
This organelle makes proteins.
Ribosomes
What structure surrounds every cell and controls what enters and leaves it?
Cell Membrane
Which organelle captures light energy for photosynthesis?
Chloroplast
According to cell theory, where do new cells come from?
Existing cells
Which type of cell contains membrane-bound organelles?
Eukaryotic
This organelle contains the DNA that directs the cell's activities.
Nucleus
The cell membrane is made primarily of two layers of molecules called __________.
Phospholipid
What rigid structure outside the cell membrane helps support plant cells?
Cell wall
An organism made of only one cell is described by what term?
Unicellular
Bacteria belong to which major cell type?
Prokaryote
This organelle breaks down food to release usable energy as ATP.
Mitochondria
Which part of a phospholipid interacts with water?
Hydrophilic head
What large structure in a plant cell is primarily associated with storage?
Central vacuole
What is one major difference between a unicellular organism and a multicellular organism?
A unicellular organism consists of one cell, while a multicellular organism has many cells.
A cell contains a nucleus, mitochondria, and an endoplasmic reticulum. Is it prokaryotic or eukaryotic?
Eukaryotic
This organelle modifies, sorts, and ships proteins to their destinations.
Golgi apparatus
Which part of a phospholipid avoids water?
The hydrophobic tails
Name two structures found in plant cells that are not found in animal cells.
Cell wall, chloroplast, central vacuole
A student says, “Cells are just tiny pieces of an organism and aren't actually alive.” What part of cell theory could you use to challenge this statement?
Answer: Cells are the basic unit of life; a cell is the smallest part of an organism capable of carrying out life's processes.
Name two structures that both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have.
Any two of: genetic material, cytoplasm, cell membrane, ribosomes.
This organelle contains enzymes that can break down worn-out cell parts and other materials.
Lysosomes
Why is the cell membrane sometimes described using the term “fluid mosaic model”?
It contains many different components, including phospholipids and proteins, that can move within the membrane.
A cell has chloroplasts, a cell wall, and a large central storage compartment. What type of cell is it? Explain how you know.
Plant cell; those structures are characteristic of plant cells.