Genetic and Neural
Any account that suggests physical or psychological behaviour is determined by the Nervous System.
What is Geographical Profiling?
The term for a behavioural and analytical tool that is used to accurately predict characteristics of offenders
What is Offender Profiling?
The type of offender profiling that is supported by this evaluation: Canter analysed 100 killings and found that there was a cross-over in behaviour and these behaviours matched the behaviours of the FBI's characteristics for Organised Offenders
What is the The Typology Approach
The main theory Canter developed for Geopgraphical profiling
What is Circle Theory?
The definition of a Genetic Explanation
What is any account that suggests that a physical or psychological behaviour is determined by genes?
The definition of Investigative Psychology
What is a form of data-driven profiling that matches details from the crime scene to typical offender behaviour based on psychological theory?
The two categories for offenders used in the Typology Approach
What are Organised and Disorganised offenders?
What is that it Automates racism as it unfairly targets minorities through predictive policing. The structure is based on historical data that is from a more racist time and perpetuates stereotypes?
OR
What is that it can only link to cases that have been solved and tells us little about the cases that are harder to solve or have not been solved?
The name of sexually-motivated killer who was used by the FBI to make the Typology Approach
The part of the brain that is commonly found to be different in offenders
What is the prefrontal cortex?
The two types of killers in terms of Canter's "Circle Theory"
!Daily Double!
The definition for an Organised Offender
What is and offender who shows evidence of planning, specific victims and often has higher intelligence and sexual/social competence?
The reason that twin studies is a limitation for Genetic Explanations
What is the fact that twin studies assume equal environments, which is not often the case for DZ twins and sometimes the case for MZ twins?
The amount of twin pairs looked at by Karl Christiansen to examine concordance rates of offender behaviour
+200 -200 leeway
What is the number 3500?
The two genes identified to associate with violent behaviour
What are MAOA and CDH13?
The explanation behind the Canter's "Circle theory"
The 4 stages used to construct an FBI profile
(+20 for every stage defined)
What are Data assimilation= Reviewal of evidence
Crime Scene classification= Dis/Organised
Crime Reconstruction=Hypothesis on Sequence of events
Profile Generation= Hypothesis on likely offender characteristics
The amount of murder cases that were used to support Canter's 'Circle Theory' as it showed that murders can generate a centre of operations
+5 or -5 leeway
What is the number 120?
The reason why Samoff Mednick's work with Danish adoptees was important for genetic explanations.
What is the fact that it supports the Diathesis-Stress model?
The percentage concordance rate found in MZ twins for offenders in the Danish study
+5% or -5% leeway
What is 35%?
(+50 points for each factor that is correctly explained)
What are Interpersonal Coherence= How the criminal behaves with his victims compared to people in everyday life
Time and Place= Identifies a work schedule and a possible living location
Forensic Awareness= How aware is the criminal on forensic examination of crime scenes
The amount of killers that were interviewed by the FBI's BSU to construct the Typology Approach's Framework
+2 or -2 leeway
What is the number 36?
What is Biological Determinism for the genetics spread as it suggests behaviour is innate and uncontrollable?
The research Gary Copson did in the evaluation extra that supports the Data-Driven approach
What is the fact he surveyed close to 50 police departments and found that 83% of cases claimed the approach to be useful?