Copy & Paste
Week 5: DNA replication, repair and recombination
Week 5: DNA replication, repair and recombination
This model of DNA replication produces daughter molecules containing one original strand and one newly synthesized strand.
What is semiconservative replication?
In transcription, this enzyme is essential because it extends the RNA chain by adding new phosphodiester links between nucleotides
What is RNA Polymerase?
The anticodon portion of this type of RNA is essential for translation
What is tRNA?
This group gives DNA’s sugar-phosphate backbone its negative charge.
What is a phosphate group?
This could be found in a silverware drawer, but for us, it is where the double helix splits during replication.
What is a replication fork?
This is what the transcribed DNA template strand is called
What is the antisense strand?
This enzyme attaches amino acids to tRNA and then edits them to be sure the attached amino acid is correct
What is aminoacytl-tRNA synthetase?
This biological catalyst speeds up a reaction by lowering its activation energy.
What is an enzyme?
In the end, these structures contain many tandem repeats of a short sequence that is repeated thousand times in each
What are telomeres?
This polymerase is responsible for transcribing protein coding genes
What is RNA polymerase II?
These help proteins find their optimal folded configuration
What are molecular chaperones?
This repair pathway corrects mismatched bases that remain after DNA replication.
What is mismatch repair?
Despite its name, this four-stranded DNA structure won't get you a day off work, but it is central to homologous recombination.
What is a Holliday junction?
In bacteria, RNA polymerase requires this to recognize gene promotors and position polymerase for transcription initiation
What is Sigma Factor?
These escort tRNA into the A site and check for accuracy of the amino acid/anticodon bond during translation
What are elongation factors?
This repair pathway uses a matching DNA sequence as a template to repair a double-strand break.
What is homologous recombination?
When a chromosome needs a reliable repair manual, it uses this process to consult an identical copy.
What is homologous recombination?
This transcription factor recognizes the TATA box and other DNA sequences near the transcription start point
What is TFIID?
Translation initiation starts with Met-tRNAi at this site
What is the P site?
These mobile DNA elements use an RNA intermediate and reverse transcriptase to make new copies in the genome.
What are retrotransposons?