cell biology
What is the fundamental unit of life?
cell
What process do plants use to convert sunlight into chemical energy?
photosynthesis
What is the maintenance of a stable internal environment called?
homeostasis
Which organelle produces most of the cell’s ATP?
mitochondrion
What molecule carries genetic instructions in living organisms?
DNA
What is the maintenance of a stable internal environment called?
3:1
What happens to a cell in a hypertonic solution?
it shrinks as the water leaves the cell
How do enzymes speed up chemical reactions?
they lower activation energy
What term describes an organism’s observable characteristics?
phenotype
What is the movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane called?
osmosis
During which stage of cellular respiration is most ATP produced?
electron transport chain
What two processes during meiosis increase genetic diversity?
crossing over and independent assortment
What type of transport requires ATP to move substances against their concentration gradient?
active transport
What is the process of copying DNA into messenger RNA called?
transcription
What is the process by which populations change over generations?
evolution