Name That Phase (Forber-Pratt)
Leo is a college student who uses a wheelchair after sustaining a spinal cord injury in high school.When he begins college, he is still adjusting to the changes in his daily life since his injury. Over time, Leo becomes more comfortable recognizing his disability as part of his life. His family and close friends support him decisions and listen when he explains what assistance he does or does not want.
What is acceptance?
This landmark legislation aimed to eliminate discrimination against individuals with disabilities.
What is the Americans with Disabilities Act (or ADA)?
This model asserts that individuals are disabled by environmental, systemic, and structural barriers rather than by personal impairment.
What is the Social Model?
This model treats disability as the result of a person’s moral lapse.
What is the moral model?
Johnstone focused his research on this community.
What is the deaf community?
Leo learns strategies for communicating his accessibility needs. For example, he contacts the university when a frequently used entrance is blocked and explains how the problem affects students who use mobility devices. Leo also joins other students in advocating for more accessible campus events. He begins to see accessibility as a shared social justice issue, as well as a matter of meeting his own needs.
What is adoption?
The ADA was passed in this year.
What is 1990?
Kraus advocates for this specific phrasing style, exemplified by "disabled person" over "person with a disability".
What is identity-first language?
This model views disability as a bodily defect that medical personnel may try to cure or fix.
What is the medical model?
Students in this category may feel they must excel to prove their impairment does not define them.
What are overcompensating identities?
Leo volunteers to welcome incoming students with disabilities. He shares what he has learned about navigating campus, finding resources, and connecting with peers. He also takes a leadership role in the student accessibility organization. Leo is comfortable discussing his disability as one part of his identity. He finds meaning in helping newer students build their own connections and confidence.
What is giving back to the community?
This federal law guarantees educational access for students with disabilities.
What is the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)?
Kraus identifies this core justification for the personal tragedy model, typified by telethons or pity-driven philanthropy, which views accessibility as an act of mercy rather than a matter of equity.
What is charity (or charity over justice)?
This approach defines disability through difficulty performing specific functions, such as walking or working.
What is the functional limitations approach?
In this category, other people impose stigmatizing labels that limit self-discovery.
What are externally ascribed, disempowering identities?
At a campus welcome event, Leo meets Jordan, another student who uses a wheelchair. Jordan invites him to a student accessibility organization function. There, Leo meets students with a range of disabilities who share stories about classes, friendships, and navigating campus. Leo begins attending regularly. He enjoys spending time with people who understand some of his experiences, and he starts to feel connected to the group.
What is relationship?
IDEA was originally passed in this year.
What is 1975?
While individual accommodations are legally guaranteed under this approach, Kraus argues it keeps focus on the individual as an expensive liability rather than prompting universal institutional design.
What is the Compliance Model?
This model locates disability in the boundaries and barriers society creates for people with impairments.
What is the social model?
In Davidson & Henderson's second repertoire, a person may disclose differently to different people.
What is qualified deception?
Leo forms a mentor program in his community for people with physical disabilities. The mentors, who have all reached stage 4 of Forber-Pratt and Aragon's model, could be experiencing this phenomenon that separates people who are perceived as “properly” enacting their identities from those who are not.
What is the "gets it" phenomenon?
This mandated that postsecondary institutions must provide equal access to education and provide necessary support for students with disabilites.
What is Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act?
DAILY DOUBLE!!
What is Universal Design?
This approach frames people with disabilities as an oppressed minority working for equity and access to resources.
What is the ableist or social justice approach?
Davidson and Henderson found these four repertoires in autobiographies and narratives of college students on this spectrum.
What is the autism spectrum?