Subsistence & Political Systems
This 17th-century author of Leviathan described the state of nature as a “war of all against all.”
Who is Thomas Hobbes?
E.B. Tylor’s “doctrine of souls” is known by this term.
What is animism?
Julian Steward’s approach studies how a society relates to its environment through culture.Julian Steward’s approach studies how a society relates to its environment through culture.
What is cultural ecology?
Frazer’s sympathetic magic has two laws: contagion, and this one, in which “like produces like.”
What is the law of similarity (imitative magic)?
Elman Service’s typology of political systems, in order from small kin-based groups to formal governments.
What are band, tribe, chiefdom, and state?
Malinowski argued that magic alleviates this emotion when knowledge and ability do not guarantee success.
What is anxiety?
Morton Fried’s category of inequality, with substantial differences in status and prestige, basic resources open to all, and redistribution by chiefs.
What is ranked?
Mauss’s term for a phenomenon that is at once legal, economic, religious, and aesthetic, which describes Azande witchcraft.
What is a total social fact?
Cohen’s five adaptive strategies, which are the main systems of economic production.
What are foraging, horticulture, pastoralism, agriculture, and industrialism?
In mestizo shamanism, these ritual prescriptions for developing relationships with plant spirits make discipline, self-control, and suffering a source of power.
What is la dieta?