Weathering and Erosion
All of the following are agents of erosion except
A. running water
B. glaciers
C. wind
D. plant roots
The burning of fossil fuels releases large amounts of ____ into the atmosphere, which contributes to global warming.
A. carbon monoxide
B. carbon dioxide
C. calcium carbonate
D. sulfur dioxide
Which group consists only of renewable resources?
A. carbon, sunlight, water, aluminum
B. phosphorus, soil, water, oxygen
C. coal, trees, water, carbon
D. natural gas, peat, coal, oil
What is a collection of small water droplets or ice crystals suspended in the air?
A. cloud
B. hail
C. snow
D. rain
The deep red coloring of the rocks at Red Rock Canyon and Bryce Canyon are a result of which type of weathering?
A) Frost wedging
B) Oxidation
C) Acid Rain
D) Biological Activity
Which of the following is not associated with physical/mechanical weathering?
A. frost wedging
B. reactions with oxygen
C. biological activity
D. friction and impact
The Earth's atmosphere can cause global warming because ________.
A. warm air cannot escape, as in a greenhouse
B. molecules in the atmosphere trap heat radiated from the Earth's surface
C. plants absorb CO2
D. plants release CO2
Which group consists only of nonrenewable resources?
A. carbon, sunlight, water, aluminum
B. phosphorus, soil, water, oxygen
C. coal, trees, water, carbon
D. natural gas, peat, coal, oil
The largest carbon sink in the carbon cycle is
A) Atmosphere
B) Ocean
C) Plants and animals
D) Sedimentary rock
Which of the following is an example of a common?
A) Owning a house
B) National Park
C) Ocean
D) Cell Phone
Whenever the characteristics and chemical composition of weathered materials have been altered, they have undergone ____.
A. mass movement
B. chemical weathering
C. mechanical weathering
D. frost wedging
As atmospheric CO₂ increases, more CO₂ dissolves into ocean water.
How does this change most directly affect marine organisms with shells?
A) Increased carbonate ions strengthen shells
B) Decreased carbonate ions reduce shell formation
C) Increased oxygen improves shell growth
D) Shell formation is unaffected
In general, natural resources ________.
A. should not be used
B. should be used efficiently and conserved
C. belong only to those on whose property they exist
D. are evenly divided among all countries
A city currently relies on a coal-fired power plant. They are considering switching to a hybrid of Wind and Natural Gas. How would this shift affect the long-term availability of resources and the atmospheric carbon cycle?
A) It would decrease the rate of resource depletion and slow the increase of atmospheric CO2. B) It would eliminate the need for any nonrenewable resources.
C) It would increase the rate of resource depletion because natural gas is renewable.
D) It would have no effect on the carbon cycle because wind is also a gas.
Earth’s tropical regions receive more of the Sun’s energy than polar regions because they
A. contain a greater percentage of dry land.
B. have more vegetation to absorb the Sun’s energy.
C. have a thinner atmosphere than the polar regions.
D. receive a greater concentration of the Sun’s rays.
After a heavy rainstorm, a student notices muddy water flowing into a nearby stream from a bare hillside, while a nearby grassy hillside shows clear runoff. Which explanation best describes why the two hillsides experience different amounts of erosion?
A) Plant roots hold soil in place, reducing erosion by running water
B) Rainfall only causes erosion in areas without rocks
C) Water erodes soil at the same rate regardless of surface conditions
D) Grass increases the chemical weathering of soil
Which of the following is NOT a potential result of climate change?
A. change in precipitation
B. global warming
C. sea level change
D. orbital change
A major advantage of solar power is that ________.
A. pollution is high
B. not all regions are sunny enough to provide adequate power with current technology
C. there is a lack of knowledge on long-term impacts
D. solar systems provide local, decentralized control over power and clean energy
Think back to the frost wedging Hoodoos Lab, what happens to the volume of water when it freezes?
A) the volume cannot be determined when its frozen
B) the volume increases
C) the volume stays the same
D) the volume decreases
Which of the following factors influence climate by determining the angle at which the sun’s rays strike the Earth?
A. latitude
B. sea level
C. air quality
D. longitude
Think back to your labs, which of the following climates would chemical weathering most readily occur?
A. wet and warm
B. dry and warm
C. wet and cool
D. dry and cool
How might oysters be affected by ocean acidification?
A. Oysters are killed by carbon dioxide in acidified ocean waters
B. Acidified ocean waters are too cloudy for photosynthesis to occur under water
C. Oysters cannot grow shells in acidified waters
D. Acidified waters favor fish that eat oyster larvae
A federal law requires mining companies to carry out ____, which is the process of restoring the land and vegetation to its original state after mining.
A. restoration
B. classification
C. reclamation
D. excavation
As carbon dioxide levels increase, some plants may grow faster because they use carbon dioxide during photosynthesis. Increased plant growth can remove more carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
This is an example of:
A) A positive feedback loop because plants add more carbon dioxide to the atmosphere
B) A negative feedback loop because the response may reduce the original increase in carbon dioxide
C) A positive feedback loop because photosynthesis stops when carbon dioxide increases
D) A negative feedback loop because carbon dioxide has no effect on plant growth
Albedo is the amount of energy reflected by Earth’s surface. Pure snow has a
A. high albedo, reflects sun and cools air
B. high albedo, absorbs sun and warms air
C. low albedo, reflects sun and cools air
D. low albedo, absorbs sun and cools air