1.5
He travelled to kingdoms from Mogadishu in east Africa, to Delhi in India, and advised sultans, as he was a scholar of Sharia Law.
Who was Ibn Battuta?
A set of languages within a branch sharing a recent common origin and minimal grammatical or vocabulary differences.
What is a language group?
The Kingdom of Ghana was eventually replaced by this kingdom in west Africa.
What was the Kingdom of Mali?
A stone wall around a city was a form of this, because it offered protection from invaders.
What is infrastructure?
Although Africa is incredibly large and diverse, their many languages fall into this many different groups.
What are five different groups?
Smaller family based networks, called this, governed themselves and settled conflicts within and with neighboring communities, they often had a chief who led them.
What are kin-based?
Presently, there are over this many different language families in the world.
What is over 100?
Empire of Ghana was wealthy (and later Mali as well) from the sale of these commodities.
What were gold and ivory?
In this type of slavery, that status is permanent and the children of enslaved people are also born into slavery, not freedom.
What is chattel slavery?
Southern India's languages are not Indo-European origins, instead they are of this family.
What is Dravidian?
The Pope or the Patriarch were not the religious boss of this very wealthy kingdom (due to trade of gold, ivory, incense, spices) in present day Ethiopia.
What was Axum?
English, Italian, Spanish, and Hindi are part of this widely spoken and diverse language group.
What is the Indo-European language group?
Mali's founding ruler, and uncle to Mansa Musa.
Who was Sundiata?
Enslaved Africans provided labor to cultivate and harvest this commodity in the Arabian peninsula.
What is sugar?
The most linguistically diverse country on the planet.
Where is Papua New Guinea?
What was the Hausa Kingdom?
What are Turkic, Arabic and Persian?
The Swahili language is a blend of these two languages.
What are Arabic and Bantu?
A continuity of slavery in the history of the world is that enslaved people consistently did this (for example between 869 and the Zanj and Arab workers led multiple ones of these.
What are revolts?
Malindi, Mombasa, Zanzibar, Mogadishu.
What are entrepôts on the Swahili coast?
Arabic and Hebrew are languages in this sub-group.
What are Semitic languages?
The Great Zimbabwe's land (and therefore economy) led to its decline, as these people needed to relocate to find suitable land for their animals, such as cows and sheep, because overgrazing had depleted the land.
Who were the herders aka pastoral peoples?
Many African indigenous religions would use music to reach the spirits and deceased loved ones, which is a form of this, similarly found in Confucianism.
What is ancestor veneration?