Miscellaneous
Endocrinology
GI
Rheumatology
Hematology
100
Diagnosis of recurrent vertigo, tinnitus, hearing loss
Meniere disease
100
Diagnosis suggested by tall stature, small testes, primary hypogonadism
Klinefelter syndrome (47,XXY)
100
Duration of high-dose intravenous PPI therapy in bleeding PUD with high-risk endoscopic appearance
3 days
100
Confirmatory diagnostic test for IgG4-related disease
Biopsy of involved tissue
100
Isolated mild asymptomatic neutropenia in a patient of African descent
Duffy-null associated neutrophil count
200
Tests for pituitary hypersecretion in all pituitary incidentalomas?
Prolactin and IGF-1 levels
200
Electrolyte disorder causing functional hypoparathyroidism
Hypomagnesemia, which may occur in malnutrition and alcohol use disorder and with use of loop diuretics and chronic proton pump inhibitor therapy, causes reversible functional parathyroid hypofunction and must be excluded before a low or inappropriately normal serum PTH level is attributed to hypoparathyroidism
200
This Anti-hypertensive medication causes celiac like disease ?
olmesartan
200
This Rheumatological condition is characterized by
fibrosing disease with edema and subsequent induration of the skin and subcutaneous tissues, which is also known as Groove sign
Eosinophilic fasciitis
200
Emergent reversal of unfractionated heparin
Protamine sulfate
300
Diagnosis for fatigue ≥6 months with reduction in activities, postexertional malaise, unrefreshing sleep, and orthostatic intolerance or cognitive impairment
Systemic exertion intolerance disease (SEID)
Although the pathophysiology of SEID remains unclear, central sensitization may contribute. There is no convincing evidence that indolent chronic infection plays a role.
Comorbid conditions, such as fibromyalgia, irritable bowel syndrome, and interstitial cystitis, are common. Mood disorders occur concomitantly in up to 70% of patients with SEID, and all patients with SEID should be screened for depression and anxiety
300
BMI threshold for bariatric surgery in patients with no comorbidities
≥35
300
What is Wilkie's syndrome?
Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) syndrome-
obstruction of the duodenum caused by extrinsic compression between the SMA and the aorta
Usually happens in individuals with less mesenteric fat pad
300
This joint disease that causes rapid breakdown of the shoulder cartilage and rotator cuff?
Milwaukee shoulder syndrome
destructive, calcium phosphate crystalline arthropathy
Associated risk factors for Milwaukee shoulder syndrome.
(1) Trauma or overuse(2) Calcium pyrophosphate dehydrate crystal deposition (3) Neuroarthropathy (4) Dialysis arthropathy (5) Denervation(6) Female gender(7) Advanced age
300
Treatment of asymptomatic Essential thrombocythemia (ET) in older patients
Hydroxyurea and low-dose aspirin
400
Name two Electrolyte Abnormalities seen directly with legionella pneumonia
1. Hyponatremia ( SIADH)
2. Acquired Fanconi Syndrome: Legionella-induced proximal tubule dysfunction can present with a combination of hypophosphatemia
400
Diagnosis suggested by rapid-onset virilization, menstrual irregularities
Androgen-Producing Adrenal Tumors
1. Androgen-producing adrenal tumors are rare and in women may lead to menstrual irregularities and virilization, including hirsutism, voice-deepening, increased muscle mass, increased libido, and clitoromegaly.
2. Androgen-secreting tumors of the adrenal gland are readily visible on CT imaging, and adrenal vein sampling is rarely required to localize the tumor.
3. The treatment of choice is resection.
4. In women with elevated androgen levels and signs of virilization with negative adrenal imaging, an ovarian source should be suspected, and the ovaries should be imaged
400
Gold Standard test for Gastroparesis?
Gastric scintigraphy.
400
This Rheumatological condition is characterized by interstitial keratitis, hearing loss, and systemic vasculitis?
COGAN SYNDROME
400
Goal Hb for sickle cell disease patient undergoing surgery ?
Simple transfusion with target hemoglobin 10 g/dL
500
Adult-onset metabolic myopathies may present with isolated exercise-induced weakness, cramps, and myoglobinuria?
Glycogen storage and fatty acid oxidation; the most common types are carnitine palmitoyltransferase II deficiency and McArdle disease.
500
This rare genetic disease is characterized by numerous dental deformities, fractures, low serum ALP, and high pyridoxal 5 phosphate- resulting in seizure activity ?
Hypophosphatasia
500
When should colonoscopy to be performed in all patients with an episode of diverticulitis after symptom resolution to rule out concomitant malignancy.
6 to 8 weeks
500
This is a benign and self-limited disorder, characterized by regional cervical lymphadenopathy with tenderness, usually accompanied with mild fever and night sweats with higher prevalence among Japanese and other Asiatic individuals.
Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD)
Lymph node biopsy shows: fragmentation, necrosis and karyorrhexis, especially in young individuals presenting with posterior cervical lymphadenopathy. Treatment is symptomatic (analgesics-antipyretics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and, rarely, corticosteroids). Spontaneous recovery occurs in 1 to 4 months.
500
This protein deficiency causes resistance heparin resistance and resulting in venous thromboembolism?
Antithrombin III Deficiency
1. more significant thrombophilic risk factor than FVL or the prothrombin G20210A gene variant
2. The main role of AT is to inhibit thrombin and activated factors IX and X (IXa and Xa). Thrombosis occurs in 30% of patients with heterozygous AT deficiency by age 30 years and in 65% of patients by age 50 years.
3. The thrombosis risk is particularly high during pregnancy, leading to VTE-related pregnancy loss and pregnancy morbidity. Repeat testing is typically required to determine whether the deficiency is persistent.
4. For patients in whom heparin is initiated and titration to a therapeutic range is difficult, AT deficiency should be considered because heparin requires AT to be effective