Mental health
Name the skill of recognising, understanding and labelling emotions in yourself and others.
Emotional literacy
Define the term ‘drug’.
A substance that, when taken into the body, changes the way the mind or body functions.
How many bones are in the adult human skeleton?
206
True or false: a person can change their mind and withdraw consent at any time.
True. Consent is ongoing and can be withdrawn at any point.
Name the five dimensions of health.
Physical, social, emotional, mental and spiritual.
Factors that increase the likelihood of developing a mental health problem are known as this.
Risk factors (e.g. family history, bullying, isolation, substance use)
Drugs are classified into three categories based on their effects. Name them.
Depressants, stimulants and hallucinogens.
Which muscle fibre type is suited to endurance activities such as a marathon: fast twitch or slow twitch?
Slow twitch (fatigue resistant, uses oxygen efficiently)
In Victoria, what is the legal age of consent for sexual activity (generally)?
16 (with limited close-in-age defences for 12–15 year olds, and extra protections where an adult has a position of care or authority).
Which dimension of health is most directly affected by friendships, family relationships and a sense of belonging?
Social
Which free, confidential Australian phone and online counselling service for ages 5–25 is reached on 1800 55 1800?
Kids Helpline
Alcohol is in which category, and what does it do to messages travelling between the brain and body?
Depressant. It slows messages down (affecting reaction time, coordination and judgement).
Which chamber of the heart receives deoxygenated blood returning from the body?
The right atrium
Which method of contraception is a barrier method that also helps protect against STIs?
The condom (external or internal)
Name two health services or professionals a young person could go to for confidential sexual health advice or testing.
GP; Sexual Health Victoria or Family Planning clinic; Melbourne Sexual Health Centre; local community health centre or youth health service; school nurse or wellbeing staff; pharmacist (for some advice and products).
Negative stereotypes and discrimination towards people with mental illness are called this. State one effect it has on help-seeking.
Reveal answer
Stigma. It can make people feel ashamed or afraid of judgement, so they delay or avoid seeking help.
Describe three refusal strategies you could use if offered a vape at a party.
Say no firmly; give a reason; suggest an alternative; use the broken record; leave the situation; blame a parent or sport; use humour; stay with a supportive friend.
Name three acute (immediate) responses of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems to exercise.
Increased heart rate; increased stroke volume and cardiac output; increased breathing rate and depth; increased blood flow to working muscles; blood vessels dilating in muscles.
Name one common bacterial STI that is often asymptomatic and treated with antibiotics. Why does that make regular testing important?
Chlamydia (or gonorrhoea, syphilis). Many people have no symptoms, so they can pass it on or develop complications without knowing.
A friend tells you they have been feeling hopeless for weeks. Describe two appropriate help-seeking steps you could take.
Listen without judgement; encourage them to talk to a trusted adult, GP or school wellbeing staff; suggest Kids Helpline or headspace; offer to go with them; call 000 if they are in immediate danger.
Give three criteria you could use to critically evaluate whether a source of health information is reliable.
Author expertise or credentials; currency (date); evidence or references; purpose or bias (is it selling something?); reputable domain (.gov, .edu, .org); compare with other sources.
Classify these costs of drug use as individual or community, and financial or non-financial: (a) cost of a hospital stay (b) a damaged friendship.
(a) Financial; community as well as individual (public health system, lost income). (b) Non-financial; individual, with flow-on effects to family and social circles.
Explain how the diaphragm and intercostal muscles cause inhalation.
They contract. The diaphragm flattens and moves down while the ribs lift up and out. Chest volume increases, pressure drops below atmospheric pressure, and air flows into the lungs.
Describe how fertilisation occurs, including where it takes place and what happens next.
A sperm cell joins with an ovum (egg) in the fallopian tube, forming a zygote. It divides as it travels to the uterus and implants in the uterine lining.
Explain how a long period of poor sleep could impact at least three dimensions of health.
Physical (low energy, weaker immunity); mental (poor concentration and memory); emotional (irritability, low mood, anxiety); social (withdrawing or conflict with others).