Part 1
Originally released as freeware, _____ is a hybrid cryptosystem that combines some of the best available cryptographic algorithms as an open-source de facto standard for encryption and authentication of e-mail and file storage.
What is "Pretty Good Privacy (PGP)"
Digital _____ are encrypted messages that can be mathematically proven to be authentic.
What is signatures?
The _____ cipher simply rearranges the values within a block to create the ciphertext.
What is transposition?
A(n) _____ substitution uses one alphabet.
What is monoalphabetic?
In a(n) _____ cipher, you replace one value with another.
What is substitution?
The encapsulating security _____ protocol provides secrecy for the contents of network communications as well as system-to-system authentication and data integrity verification.
What is payload
Digital _____ are public-key container files that allow computer programs to validate the key and identify to whom it belongs.
What is certificates?
A message _____ is a fingerprint of the author’s message that is compared with the recipient’s locally calculated hash of the same message.
What is digest?
The process of hiding messages within the digital encoding of a picture or graphic is called _____.
What is steganography?
_____ is the process of making and using codes to secure the transmission of information.
What is crypotography?
In IPSec _____ mode, only the IP data is encrypted, not the IP headers.
What is transport?
A mathematical _____ is a secret mechanism that enables you to easily accomplish the reverse function in a one-way function.
What is trapdoor?
Hashing functions do not require the use of keys, but it is possible to attach a message _____ code to allow only specified recipients to access the message digest.
What is authentication?
To _____ means to encrypt, encode, or convert plaintext into the equivalent ciphertext.
What is encipher?
The process of obtaining the plaintext message from a ciphertext message without knowing the keys used to perform the encryption is called _____.
What is cyptanalysis?
In IPSec _____ mode, only the IP data is encrypted, not the IP headers.
What is secure sockets?
The more common name for asymmetric encryption is _____-key encryption.
What is public?
The Secure _____ Standard issued by the National Institute of Standards and Technology specifies secure algorithms, such as SHA-1, for computing a condensed representation of a message or data file.
What is hash?
The _____ protocol provides system-to-system authentication and data integrity verification, but does not provide secrecy for the content of a network communication.
What is AH?
_____ is an open-source protocol framework that can be used to secure communications across any IP-based network such as LANs, WANs, and the Internet.
A digital _____ is an electronic document or container file that contains a key value and identifying information about the entity that controls the key.
What is certiciate?
One of the most widely known cryptographic algorithms is the _____, which was developed by IBM and is based on the company’s Lucifer algorithm.
What is DES (Data Encryption Standard)?
Also known as the one-time pad, the _____ cipher, which was developed at AT&T, uses a set of characters only one time for each encryption process.
What is Exclusive OR?
The _____ is responsible for the fragmentation, compression, encryption, and attachment of an SSL header to the cleartext prior to transmission.
What is SSL Record Protocol?
Digital signatures should be created using processes and products that are based on the _____.
What is DSS?