Burns
This burn complication is characterized by decreased blood volume due to massive fluid shifts and capillary leak.
What is hypovolemic shock?
This type of shock is characterized by hypotension, bradycardia, and warm dry skin.
What is neurogenic shock?
This serious complication results from loss of blood supply to bone tissue.
What is avascular necrosis (osteonecrosis)?
Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevation make up this treatment protocol.
What is RICE therapy?
Hyponatremia, diarrhea, and pneumonia are common findings in this respiratory infection.
What is Legionnaires' disease?
***Who is at risk and how is this managed?
During the emergent phase of a major burn, this is the highest priority assessment.
What is airway patency?
*** Manifestations of concern Hoarseness, Stridor, Wheezing, Dyspnea, Soot around the mouth or nose
Other complications to monitor for and prevent Fluid/electrolyte imbalance, Infection ->Sepsis, AKI, ATN, and compartment syndrome
This shock results from severe infection causing widespread vasodilation.
What is septic shock?
***Fluid resuscitation is key; labs include elevated lactate (lactic acid) and procalcitonin.
The most common site affected by avascular necrosis.
What is the femoral head?
During the first 24–48 hours after a sprain, this intervention helps reduce swelling.
What is ice application?
This antibiotic class is commonly used to treat Legionnaires' disease.
What are macrolides or fluoroquinolones?
***What do I know about these medications?
This is a common complication of skin grafting in burn patients.
What is graft rejection or graft failure?
***How is this monitored, how does it manifest, and how is it treated?
This type of shock occurs when the heart cannot effectively pump blood to meet tissue demands.
What is cardiogenic shock?
This device stabilizes fractures using pins inserted through the skin into bone.
What is external fixation?
***Think about what are the potential complications and how we monitor for these complications?
This life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction causes widespread skin detachment and mucosal involvement.
What is Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS)?
This laboratory value is used to monitor immune system status in HIV infection.
What is the CD4+ T-cell count?
***Why is the CD4 important? What is the range? What are the complications if low?
This complication occurs when a skin graft does not establish an adequate blood supply.
What is graft necrosis?
Headache, fever, and focal neurological deficits are the classic triad of this condition.
What is a brain abscess?
***Think high ICP and infection
The priority nursing assessment for a patient with an external fixator.
What is assessing for pin-site infection?
A patient develops sudden hypotension, wheezing, stridor, generalized urticaria, and facial swelling minutes after receiving an antibiotic. The nurse's priority intervention is immediate administration of this medication.
What is epinephrine?
This laboratory test measures the amount of HIV circulating in the blood.
What is the viral load?
***Why is this important and what is a goal for this lab?
An adult patient has burns to the entire right arm, anterior trunk, and anterior right leg. Using the Rule of Nines, the nurse calculates the total body surface area burned as 31.5%.
What is the Total Body Surface Area (TBSA) burned?
Calculation (Rule of Nines for Adults)
Formula:
TBSA = 9% + 18% + 4.5% = 31.5%
A lumbar puncture is contraindicated when this neurological condition is suspected because of the risk of herniation.
What is increased intracranial pressure (ICP)?
*** Think: nursing management pre, intra, and post op. What are the potential complications, and how do they manifest?
This is the most common fracture site in older adults associated with hip fractures.
What is a femur (femoral neck) fracture?
***Think about what the complications of a long bone fracture are, how we monitor them, and how do these complications manifest?
Histamine release during anaphylaxis causes these two major physiological changes that lead to hypotension and tissue edema.
What are vasodilation and increased capillary permeability?
**** Why does this matter, and how will the patient present?
Answer: This vascular tumor is strongly associated with HIV/AIDS and HHV-8 infection.
What is Kaposi sarcoma?