Transcription
Where do eukaryotic cells store their DNA?
the nucleus
What cell structure performs translation?
What is the main difference between a prokaryotic cell and a eukaryotic cell?
prokaryotes = no nucleus
eukaryote = nucleus
What are 2 differences between DNA and mRNA?
U vs T and 1 strand vs 2 strand
What are the 4 nucleotides of DNA?
A T C G
What is transcription?
Transcription is DNA being made into mRNA.
Translation is mRNA to protein.
What structure encircles all cells and acts as a flexible border between the cell and its environment?
the cell membrane
What organelle provides eukaryotic cells the energy to conduct life processes?
the mitochondria
What are the components of proteins?
20 amino acids
Where is transcription performed in prokaryotic cells?
In prokaryotic cells transcription takes place in cytoplasm.
Where is translation conducted in prokaryotic cells and where do eukaryotic cells perform translation?
In the cytoplasm for both.
The nucleus protects the DNA.
What is Newton's 3rd Law of motion?
For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.
B = brown hair and b = blonde hair
What is the genotype and phenotype if a person is BB?
Genotype = homozygous dominant
phenotype = brown hair
5' - ATT AGG CCA - 3'
Perform transcription and provide the mRNA
5' - AUU AGG CCA - 3'
What is a codon and what is the role of codons in translation?
A codon is three nucleotides in a row and they encode for specific amino acids.
What are the 4 components that all cells contain?
cell membrane, cytoplasm, DNA, ribosomes
What are the two types of reproduction?
sexual and asexual
If parent 1 is homozygous dominant and parent 2 is homozygous recessive, what will be the genotype of 100% of their offspring?
heterozygous
In eukaryotic cells what is the main purpose of mRNA?
It is the messenger for DNA because DNA cannot leave the nucleus.
What would happen if excessive sun exposure caused codon UUU to mutate to AUU in mRNA?
Different amino acids will be used during translation.
Why are the phospholipids of membranes arranged as they are found in the cell membrane?
Because the sticks don't like water and balls do.
What is the significant advantage of sexual reproduction compared to asexual reproduction?
Sexual reproduction results in mixing of DNA and genetically different individuals.
T = tall and t = short
If the parents are heterozygous, what is the percentage of each genotype and phenotype for the offspring?
25% TT, 50% Tt, 25% tt
75% tall and 25% short