Definitions
Definitions
Definitions
Chemotherapeutic Agents
Drug Classes and Goals
100
Body has low level of white blood cells
What is neutropenia?
100
Cancer cells that metastasize to other organs of the body
What is malignant?
100
This goal is for alleviation of symptoms if cancer is beyond control.
What is the goal for palliation?
100
This is the most common side effect of chemotherapy:
Nausea/Vomiting
100
This drug class reduces edema secondary to radiation therapy and acts as palliative therapy. Temporarily suppresses fever, diaphoresis, and pain
What are hormones?
200
This is a condition when you have a low platelet count.
What is thrombocytopenia?
200
Phase of cellular proliferation in which cells divide into two equal daughters
What is mitosis?
200
This goal is to administer a dose large enough to be lethal to cancer cells but small enough to be tolerable for normal cells.
What are the goals for chemotherapy?
200
These agents protect normal human cells from chemotherapy and help stimulate the normal body defense mechanism. They also help reduce the toxicity or chemotherapeutic agents to normal cells.
What are chemoprotective agents?
200
This drug class targets anticancer agents. It includes cytokines, monoclonal antibodies, growth factors, and vaccines.
What are biologic therapies?
300
A disorder of cellular growth
What is cancer?
300
These block hormone receptors so cancer cells cannot grow
What are estrogens or androgens?
300
These agents are cell cycle-specific agents that block formation of the mitotic spindle during mitosis which prevents cell division.
What are natural products?
300
This is the preferred route for administering chemotherapy:
What is IV?
300
This class of drug is administered to prevent or control nausea and vomiting during chemotherapy.
What are antiemetics?
400
When cancer invades surrounding tissues and develop growths in other tissues distant to the original growth, we call this:
What is metastasis?
400
A drug that is selectively toxic when the cell is in a specific phase of growth
What are cell cycle specific drugs?
400
Programmed cell death
What is apoptosis?
400
The stimulants trigger the recovery of bone marrow cells.
What are bone marrow stimulants?
400
Crowds, pets, raw vegetables, poor hand washing
What are ways to develop an infection while on chemotherapy?
500
This inflammation and redness of the oral mucosa that can lead to pain and difficulty talking, eating, and sleeping is called:
What is stomatitis?
500
These drugs are active throughout the cell cycle.
What are cell cycle nonspecific drugs?
500
The action of this agent is to inhibit key enzymes in the biosynthetic pathways of DNA and RNA synthesis.
What are antimetabolites?
500
This agent suppresses mitosis in lymphocytes with the goal of reducing inflammation and edema.
What are corticosteroids?
500
List 2 goals of chemotherapy
1. Cure cancer
2. Stop cancer from going to other parts of the body
3. Slow the growth of the cancer
4. Kill cancer cells in areas of metastases
5. Ease symptoms that the cancer is causing
600
Something that has potential to cause cancer
What is a carcinogen?
600
Something that can cause a congenital disorder in developing embryos or fetus is called:
What is teratogenic?
600
This can cause damage to genetic information in cells.
What is genotoxicity?
600
This alkylating agent can affect hearing.
What is cisplatin?
600
List 3 most common side effects of chemotherapy
What is fatigue, nausea, diarrhea, mouth sores, hair loss, anemia
700
This occurs when vesicants have caused tissue damage.
What is extravasation injury?
700
Means new growth; can refer to benign or malignant cells
What is neoplastic disease?
700
chemotherapy that uses cell cycle-specific and cell cycle-nonspecific agents
What is combination therapy?
700
This class of drug binds with DNA to prevent RNA synthesis. It causes the strands of DNA to unwind.
What are anti-neoplastic antibiotics?
700
What is a spill kit?