Matter
What are the three common states of matter?
Sold, Liquid, Gas
What is a producer?
An organism that makes its own food (like plants)
What is the closest star to Earth?
The Sun
What are the four main Earth spheres?
Biosphere, Hydrosphere, Geosphere, Atmosphere
What tool would you use to measure temperature?
Thermometer
What happens to particles in a solid when it is heated?
They move faster and spread out slightly
What role do decomposers play in an ecosystem?
They break down dead organisms and waste, and recycle nutrients
What causes day and night on Earth?
Earth's Rotation
Which sphere includes all living things?
What is the independent variable in an experiment?
Is dissolving sugar in water a physical or chemical change? Explain.
Physical change, No new matter formed. Sugar and water are still there.
What would most likely happen if all the predators in an ecosystem disappeared?
Prey populations would increase
What is the difference between a planet and a star?
Stars produce their own light; planets do not
How does the hydrosphere interact with the atmosphere?
Water evaporates into the air, condenses in sky (clouds), and returns as precipitation
A puddle disappears after a sunny day. What process caused this?
evaporation
A student observes that a substance forms bubbles and changes color when mixed. What type of change is this?
Chemical Change
In a food web, what does an arrow represent?
Why do we see different phases of the Moon?
The Moon’s rotation and revolution around Earth causes shadows to be cast on the moon. The light on the moon comes from a reflection of the sun.
Give an example of how the geosphere and biosphere interact.
Plants grow in soil.
Animal digs or burrows in ground.
Animal lives in cave.
What is erosion?
Movement of sediment by water, wind, or ice
What is the difference between a mixture and solution?
A mixture is when two or more substances are combined but not chemically joined, and you can usually still see the different parts (like sand and water).
A solution is a type of mixture where one substance dissolves completely into another, so it looks uniform throughout (like salt dissolved in water).
Explain how energy moves through a trophic pyramid.
Energy decreases as it moves up; most energy is at the bottom (producers)
What is the order of the planets?
Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune
How might a volcanic eruption affect all four Earth spheres?
Ash (atmosphere), lava (geosphere), impacts water (hydrosphere), affects living things (biosphere)
What happens when forces are balanced?
The object does not move or stays the same