DNA Basics
This molecule carries genetic info and forms a twisted ladder shape.
DNA
The process of copying DNA into RNA.
Transcription
The process of using mRNA instructions to build a protein.
Translation
A change in the DNA sequence.
Mutation
The organelle where transcription takes place.
Nucleus
The twisted ladder shape DNA forms.
Double Helix
This RNA carries the genetic message from DNA to the ribosome.
mRNA
A group of 3 mRNA bases that codes for one amino acid.
Codon
A mutation where a base is removed from the DNA strand.
Deletion
A segment of DNA that codes for a protein.
Gene
The exact order of nucleotides in a DNA molecule.
DNA Sequence
The process of making an exact copy of a DNA molecule.
DNA Replication
The bond that connects amino acids together in a chain.
Peptide Bond
A mutation where extra bases are added to the DNA.
Insertion
The monomer (building block) of DNA and RNA.
Nucleotide
The complete set of all genes in an organism.
Genome
This RNA picks up amino acids and brings them to the ribosome.
tRNA
The building block of proteins.
Amino Acid
A mutation where one base is swapped for another.
Substitution
DNA wrapped tightly around proteins to save space in the cell.
Chromatin
DNA wraps around these proteins to stay organized inside the nucleus.
Histones
DNA bases pairing up with their matching partners.
Complementary Base Pairing
A biomolecule made of folded amino acids that does a specific job in the cell.
Protein
A deletion that shifts the reading frame and changes every codon after it.
Frameshift Mutation
The process by which genetic information is used to make a specific protein or trait.
Gene Expression