5.10- Modern Campaigns
What is political polarization?
The divergence of political attitudes away from the center, towards ideological extremes
What type of money is spent by parties on express advocacy ads, yard signs, office rent, equipment, travel, and voter registration drives?
Soft money
If Joe Biden were to take his private jet to come campaign with Nader, what kind of money would he be using?
Hard Money
What happened to the duration of presidential campaigns due to political polarization?
Presidential campaigns elongated
What is the term used to describe groups created to pool money from corporations, unions, trade associations, or members to engage in electioneering communications?
PACs, Political Action Committees
What was the opinion of Citizens United v. FEC (2010)?
(Include vote decision & brief reasoning)
5-4 in favor of Citizens United
Corporations should have the freedom to promote or oppose candidates with unlimited amounts of money
Independent campaigns not associated directly with the candidate should not be restricted
Is there more or less competition within the political parties?
Less
What is one reason why money is necessary for campaigns?
Expanding voting rights or party reforms or communication and technological innovation
What limits and regulates the funding of Hard Money, Political Action Committees (PACs), and Parties?
Federal Election Campaign Act
What is one factor party-centered campaigns still acquire?
Most data and institutional knowledge
Coordinate policy agendas
Reserve volunteers and organizers
Retain information on political elites and party donors in locales
Influence electoral practices and hold nomination contests
Name one of the three legal methods of campaign finance regulation.
-Disclosure of donation amount
-Disclosure of donor
-Caps on donation
The "Stand by your ad requirement" (“I am __ and I approve this message") was established by what?
the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act (aka McCain-Feingold)
Name one factor that contributes to elongated elections.
-Campaign Finance
-Nationalization of Congressional Races
-Partisanship in Elections
Name a significance of the Citizens United v. FEC SCOTUS case.
-Expanded free speech rights of corporations to be similar to individuals’ political speech rights
-Unlimited spending independently on elections
-Allowed elites to have superiority in political campaigns, distorting election beliefs and outcomes
-Money = prominence and dominance
What is the McGovern-Fraser Commission?
The report attempted to bring uniformity to the delegate selection process and to give greater influence to those in the past who had a marginal voice, mainly women, blacks, and young people.